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Dose-dependent induction of murine Th1/Th2 responses to sheep red blood cells occurs in two steps: antigen presentation during second encounter is decisive.

ABSTRACT: The differentiation of CD4 T cells into Th1 and Th2 cells in vivo is difficult to analyze since it is influenced by many factors such as genetic background of the mice, nature of antigen, and adjuvant. In this study, we used a well-established model, which allows inducing Th1 or Th2 cells simply by low (LD, 10(5)) or high dose (HD, 10(9)) injection of sheep red blood cells (SRBC) into C57BL/6 mice. Signature cytokine mRNA expression was determined in specific splenic compartments after isolation by laser-microdissection. LD immunization with SRBC induced T cell proliferation in the splenic T cell zone but no Th1 differentiation. A second administration of SRBC into the skin rapidly generated Th1 cells. In contrast, HD immunization with SRBC induced both T cell proliferation and immediate Th2 differentiation. In addition, splenic marginal zone and B cell zone were activated indicating B cells as antigen presenting cells. Interestingly, disruption of the splenic architecture, in particular of the marginal zone, abolished Th2 differentiation and led to the generation of Th1 cells, confirming that antigen presentation by B cells directs Th2 polarization. Only in its absence Th1 cells develop. Therefore, B cells might be promising targets in order to therapeutically modulate the T cell response.

SUBMITTER: Stamm C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3695941 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Intranasal bacteria induce Th1 but not Treg or Th2.

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| S-EPMC8082026 | biostudies-literature

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| S-EPMC3696555 | biostudies-literature

MicroRNA124-IL6R Mediates the Effect of Nicotine in Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Shifting Th1/Th2 Balance Toward Th1.

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| S-EPMC2906570 | biostudies-literature

Alleviation of Ulcerative Colitis Potentially through th1/th2 Cytokine Balance by a Mixture of Rg3-enriched Korean Red Ginseng Extract and <i>Persicaria tinctoria</i>.

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