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Remineralization of demineralized bone matrix (DBM) via alternating solution immersion (ASI).

ABSTRACT: In order to achieve successful clinical outcomes, biomaterials used for bone grafts must possess a number of traits including biocompatibility and osteoconductivity. These materials must also demonstrate appropriate mechanical stability to withstand handling as well as support potentially significant stresses at the implant site. Synthetic and natural polymer scaffolds used for bone tissue engineering (BTE) often lack necessary mechanical properties. Our goal was to internally mineralize natural collagenous matrix, thereby increasing mechanical properties of the material to useful levels. Published methods for intrafibrillar collagen mineralization were applied to clinically relevant-sized constructs but did not successfully deposit mineral in the interior of the constructs. To address this limitation, we developed a new technique for the remineralization of demineralized bone matrix (DBM) based on alternating solution immersion, or ASI. Mineral was removed from equine bone specimens, leaving behind a demineralized bone matrix (DBM). This matrix provides a framework for the nucleation and growth of a replacement mineral phase. Plain film radiography and microcomputed tomography (microCT) indicated accumulation of mineral within the DBM, and mechanical testing (3 point bending and compression) revealed a significant increase in stiffness between the DBM and the remineralized bone matrix (RBM). We believe this remineralization process will be useful in the preparation of stiff and strong allografts for clinical application.

SUBMITTER: Soicher MA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3713112 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Remineralization of demineralized bone matrix (DBM) via alternating solution immersion (ASI).

Soicher Matthew A MA Christiansen Blaine A BA Stover Susan M SM Leach J Kent JK Fyhrie David P DP

Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials 20130522

In order to achieve successful clinical outcomes, biomaterials used for bone grafts must possess a number of traits including biocompatibility and osteoconductivity. These materials must also demonstrate appropriate mechanical stability to withstand handling as well as support potentially significant stresses at the implant site. Synthetic and natural polymer scaffolds used for bone tissue engineering (BTE) often lack necessary mechanical properties. Our goal was to internally mineralize natural ...[more]

PMID: 23759125

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Project description:BackgroundDemineralized bone matrix is commonly used as a bone graft substitute, either alone or to supplement an osteoconductive material, because of its osteoinductive properties. The aging of the population has led to an increase in the number of prospective donors of demineralized bone matrix who have taken bisphosphonates to prevent osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. The aim of this study was to determine whether oral bisphosphonate usage affects the osteoinductivity of demineralized bone matrix from donors.MethodsSex-matched and age-matched pairs of samples were provided by four tissue banks (three or four pairs per bank). Demineralized bone matrix donors without bisphosphonate treatment had a mean age (and standard deviation) of 69.1 ± 2.5 years, and donors with bisphosphonate treatment had a mean age of 68.9 ± 2.0 years. Each pair included one donor known to have taken bisphosphonates and one who had not taken bisphosphonates. Demineralized bone matrix previously confirmed as osteoinductive was the positive control, and heat-inactivated demineralized bone matrix was the negative control. Demineralized bone matrix incubated with 1 mL of phosphate-buffered saline solution containing 0, 0.002, 2.0, or 2000 ng/mL of alendronate was also tested. Gelatin capsules containing 15 mg of demineralized bone matrix were implanted bilaterally in the gastrocnemius muscle of male nude mice (eight implants per group). The mice were killed thirty-five days after implantation, and hind limbs were recovered and processed for histological analysis. Osteoinductivity was measured with use of a qualitative score and by histomorphometry.ResultsNine of fifteen samples from donors who had had bisphosphonate treatment and ten of fifteen samples from patients who had not had bisphosphonate treatment were osteoinductive. Qualitative mean scores were comparable (1.7 ± 0.4 for those without bisphosphonates and 1.9 ± 0.7 for those with bisphosphonates). Osteoinductive demineralized bone matrix samples produced ossicles of comparable size, regardless of bisphosphonate usage. Histomorphometric measurements of the area of new bone formation and residual demineralized bone matrix were also comparable. The addition of alendronate to control demineralized bone matrix did not affect its osteoinductivity.ConclusionsDemineralized bone matrix samples from donors treated with bisphosphonates and donors not treated with bisphosphonates have the same ability to induce bone formation. However, it is not known if the quality of the new bone is affected, with subsequent consequences affecting bone remodeling.

Dataset Information

Remineralization of demineralized bone matrix (DBM) via alternating solution immersion (ASI).

Publications

Remineralization of demineralized bone matrix (DBM) via alternating solution immersion (ASI).

Similar Datasets

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