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Novel nanostructures of rutile fabricated by templating against yarns of polystyrene nanofibrils and their catalytic applications.

ABSTRACT: This Article describes a facile approach to the synthesis of rutile nanostructures in the form of porous fibers or bundles of nanotubes by maneuvering the surface wettability of yarns made of polystyrene nanofibrils. Specifically, hierarchically porous fibers were obtained by hydrolyzing titanium tetraisopropoxide to form TiO2 nanoparticles in the void spaces among hydrophobic nanofibrils in each yarn. After calcination in air at 800 °C, the resultant fibers were comprised of many interconnected rutile nanoparticles whose diameters were in the range 20-80 nm. After converting the nanofibrils and yarns into hydrophilic surfaces through plasma treatment, however, the TiO2 formed conformal coatings on the surfaces of nanofibrils in each yarn during hydrolysis instead of just filling the void spaces among the nanofibrils. As a result, bundles of rutile nanotubes were obtained after the sample had been calcined in air at 800 °C. The thermodynamically stable rutile nanostructures were then explored as supports for Pt nanoparticles whose catalytic activity was evaluated using the reduction of p-nitrophenol by NaBH4. The Pt supported on porous rutile fibers exhibited a better performance than the Pt on rutile nanotubes in terms of both induction time (t(ind)) and apparent rate constant (k(app)).

SUBMITTER: Lu P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3734542 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Novel nanostructures of rutile fabricated by templating against yarns of polystyrene nanofibrils and their catalytic applications.

Lu Ping P Xia Younan Y

ACS applied materials & interfaces 20130625 13

This Article describes a facile approach to the synthesis of rutile nanostructures in the form of porous fibers or bundles of nanotubes by maneuvering the surface wettability of yarns made of polystyrene nanofibrils. Specifically, hierarchically porous fibers were obtained by hydrolyzing titanium tetraisopropoxide to form TiO2 nanoparticles in the void spaces among hydrophobic nanofibrils in each yarn. After calcination in air at 800 °C, the resultant fibers were comprised of many interconnected ...[more]

PMID: 23763369

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Project description:The demand for safer design and synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is on the increase with the ultimate goal of producing clean nanomaterials for biological applications. We hereby present a rapid, greener, and photochemical synthesis of gold nanoplates with sizes ranging from 10 to 200 nm using water-soluble quercetin diphosphate (QDP) macromolecules. The synthesis was achieved in water without the use of surfactants, reducing agents, or polymers. The edge length of the triangular nanoplates ranged from 50 to 1200 nm. Furthermore, the reduction of methylene blue was used to investigate the catalytic activity of AuNPs. The catalytic activity of triangular AuNPs was three times higher than that of the spherical AuNPs based on kinetic rate constants (k). The rate constants were 3.44 × 10-2 and 1.11 × 10-2 s-1 for triangular and spherical AuNPs, respectively. The X-ray diffraction data of gold nanoplates synthesized by this method exhibited that the nanocrystals were mainly dominated by (111) facets which are in agreement to the nanoplates synthesized by using thermal and chemical approaches. The calculated relative diffraction peak intensity of (200), (220), and (311) in comparison with (111) was found to be 0.35, 0.17, and 0.15, respectively, which were lower than the corresponding standard values (JCPDS 04-0784). For example, (200)/(111) = 0.35 compared to 0.52 obtained from the standard (JCPDS 04-0784), indicating that the gold nanoplates are dominated by (111) facets. The calculated lattice from selected area electron diffraction data of the as-synthesized and after 1 year nanoplates was 4.060 and 4.088 Å, respectively. Our calculations were found to be in agreement with 4.078 Å for face-centered cubic gold (JCPDS 04-0784) and literature values of 4.07 Å. The computed QDP-Au complex demonstrated that the reduction process took place in the B ring of QDP. This approach contributes immensely to promoting the ideals of sustainable nanotechnology by eradicating the use of hazardous and toxic organic solvents.

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Novel nanostructures of rutile fabricated by templating against yarns of polystyrene nanofibrils and their catalytic applications.

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Novel nanostructures of rutile fabricated by templating against yarns of polystyrene nanofibrils and their catalytic applications.

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