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Complete genome sequence of an attenuated duck enteritis virus obtained by in vitro serial passage.

ABSTRACT: Here, we present the complete genome sequence of an attenuated duck enteritis virus (DEV) obtained by serial chicken embryo passage. Compared with a virulent DEV, there is a serial deletion in unique long open reading frame 11 (LORF11) and unique long region 2 (UL2). This study will aid in further exploration of the molecular pathogenesis of DEV.

SUBMITTER: Yang C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3764414 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Complete genome sequence of an attenuated duck enteritis virus obtained by in vitro serial passage.

Yang Chenghuai C Li Junping J Li Qihong Q Li Huijiao H Xia Yecai Y Guo Xin X Yu Kangzhen K Yang Hanchun H

Genome announcements 20130905 5

Here, we present the complete genome sequence of an attenuated duck enteritis virus (DEV) obtained by serial chicken embryo passage. Compared with a virulent DEV, there is a serial deletion in unique long open reading frame 11 (LORF11) and unique long region 2 (UL2). This study will aid in further exploration of the molecular pathogenesis of DEV. ...[more]

PMID: 24009119

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Complete genomic sequence of Chinese virulent duck enteritis virus.

Project description:The Chinese virulent (CHv) strain of duck enteritis virus (DEV) has a genome of approximately 162,175 nucleotides with a GC content of 44.89%. Here we report the complete genomic sequence and annotation of DEV CHv, which offer an effective platform for providing authentic research experiences to novice scientists. In addition, knowledge of this virus will extend our general knowledge of DEV and will be useful for further studies of the mechanisms of virus replication and pathogenesis.

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Efficient strategy for constructing duck enteritis virus-based live attenuated vaccine against homologous and heterologous H5N1 avian influenza virus and duck enteritis virus infection.

Project description:Duck is susceptible to many pathogens, such as duck hepatitis virus, duck enteritis virus (DEV), duck tembusu virus, H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) in particular. With the significant role of duck in the evolution of H5N1 HPAIV, control and eradication of H5N1 HPAIV in duck through vaccine immunization is considered an effective method in minimizing the threat of a pandemic outbreak. Consequently, a practical strategy to construct a vaccine against these pathogens should be determined. In this study, the DEV was examined as a candidate vaccine vector to deliver the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of H5N1, and its potential as a polyvalent vaccine was evaluated. A modified mini-F vector was inserted into the gB and UL26 gene junction of the attenuated DEV vaccine strain C-KCE genome to generate an infectious bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) of C-KCE (vBAC-C-KCE). The HA gene of A/duck/Hubei/xn/2007 (H5N1) was inserted into the C-KCE genome via the mating-assisted genetically integrated cloning (MAGIC) to generate the recombinant vector pBAC-C-KCE-HA. A bivalent vaccine C-KCE-HA was developed by eliminating the BAC backbone. Ducks immunized with C-KCE-HA induced both the cross-reactive antibodies and T cell response against H5. Moreover, C-KCE-HA-immunized ducks provided rapid and long-lasting protection against homologous and heterologous HPAIV H5N1 and DEV clinical signs, death, and primary viral replication. In conclusion, our BAC-C-KCE is a promising platform for developing a polyvalent live attenuated vaccine.

| S-EPMC4397706 | biostudies-literature

Live Attenuated Vaccine Based on Duck Enteritis Virus against Duck Hepatitis A Virus Types 1 and 3.

Project description:As causative agents of duck viral hepatitis, duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1) and type 3 (DHAV-3) causes significant economic losses in the duck industry. However, a licensed commercial vaccine that simultaneously controls both pathogens is currently unavailable. Here, we generated duck enteritis virus recombinants (rC-KCE-2VP1) containing both VP1 from DHAV-1 (VP1/DHAV-1) and VP1 from DHAV-3 (VP1/DHAV-3) between UL27 and UL26. A self-cleaving 2A-element of FMDV was inserted between the two different types of VP1, allowing production of both proteins from a single open reading frame. Immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis results demonstrated that both VP1 proteins were robustly expressed in rC-KCE-2VP1-infected chicken embryo fibroblasts. Ducks that received a single dose of rC-KCE-2VP1 showed potent humoral and cellular immune responses and were completely protected against challenges of both pathogenic DHAV-1 and DHAV-3 strains. The protection was rapid, achieved as early as 3 days after vaccination. Moreover, viral replication was fully blocked in vaccinated ducks as early as 1 week post-vaccination. These results demonstrated, for the first time, that recombinant rC-KCE-2VP1 is potential fast-acting vaccine against DHAV-1 and DHAV-3.

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Replication kinetics of duck enteritis virus UL16 gene in vitro.

Project description:BACKGROUND: The function and kinetics of some herpsvirus UL16 gene have been reported. But there was no any report of duck enteritis virus (DEV) UL16 gene. FINDINGS: The kinetics of DEV UL16 gene was examined in DEV CHv infected duck embryo fibroblasts (DEFs) by establishment of real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay (qRT-PCR) and western-blotting. In this study, UL16 mRNA was transcript at a low level from 0-18 h post-infection (p.i), and peaked at 36 h p.i. It can't be detected in the presence of acyclovir (ACV). Besides, western-blotting analysis showed that UL16 gene expressed as an apparent 40-KDa in DEV infected cell lysate from 12 h p.i, and rose to peak level at 48 h p.i consistent with the qRT-PCR result. CONCLUSIONS: These results provided the first evidence of the kinetics of DEV UL16 gene. DEV UL16 gene was a late gene and dependent on viral DNA synthesis.

| S-EPMC3560188 | biostudies-literature

Inhibitory effect of resveratrol against duck enteritis virus in vitro.

Project description:Duck viral enteritis (DVE) is an acute, contagious herpesvirus infection of ducks, geese, and swans of all ages and species. This disease has been responsible for significant economic losses in domestic and wild waterfowl as a result of mortality, and decreased egg production. Resveratrol is a naturally occurring phytoalexin in specific plants and exhibits inhibitory activity against many kinds of virus. In this paper, resveratrol was found to inhibit duck enteritis virus (DEV) replication in a dose-dependent manner, with a 50% inhibition concentration of 3.85 ?g/mL. The inhibition in virus multiplication in the presence of resveratrol was not attributed to direct inactivation or inhibition of virus attachment to the host cells, but to the inhibition of viral multiplication in host cells. The assay of the time of addition limited the drug effect during the first 8 h of infection. This conclusion was supported by the ultrastructure images of the early stage of DEV infection, which showed that the replication of virus nucleic acid and the formation of the capsid in the cell nucleus were suppressed. In the indirect immunofluorescence assay, proteins expression in DEV infected duck embryo fibroblasts (DEFs) within 24 h post-infection (p.i.) was also effectively suppressed by resveratrol. In summary, the resveratrol has a good activity against DEV infection in vitro, which could be attributed to that fact that several essential immediate early viral proteins for virus replication were impacted by resveratrol.

| S-EPMC3679110 | biostudies-literature

Pathogenicity and transmissibility studies on live attenuated duck enteritis virus vaccine in non-target species.

Project description:In the second half of 2021, a highly pathogenic case occurred in a mixed chicken and duck family farm in Guangdong, China. After the duck flocks were immunized with live attenuated duck enteritis virus vaccine (live attenuated DEV vaccine), the chickens of the same farm showed clinical symptoms similar to duck enteritis, such as pericardial effusion, hepatic hemorrhagic spots, kidney enlargement, and intestinal bleeding, with mass mortality. The infection model of target animal tested, as well as the non-target species, was established according to the risk of live attenuated DEV vaccine and transmission in chickens. Live attenuated DEV vaccine was initially replicated in host animals, released the virus, and effectively colonized in the common environment, according to birds challenged experiments. There was evidence to suggest the mode of transmission of duck enteritis virus, and horizontal transmission is the main route of DEV transmission. In addition, high levels of virus titer were detected in chicken embryos and different tissues of SPF chickens. Different degrees of pathological damage occurred in the tissue of chickens. After the SPF chickens were inoculated with live attenuated DEV vaccine, different degrees of virulence were exhibited, pointing to a potential risk to other domestic bird species.

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Transcriptome Analysis of Duck Spleen Infected by Duck enteritis virus

Project description:Purpose:To understand the transcriptome regulator of duck spleen infected with duck enteritis virus (DEV).Methods:50-day-old ducks were inoculated with 100 titer (The TCID50 of DEV was 10-9/0.1mL) and 10-2 titer two different viral titer of DEV in leg muscle for different durations (66 h, 90 h and 114 h) and seronegative control (0 h) were analyzed using next-generation RNA sequencing.Furthermore, the data were validated using quantitative real-time PCR.Results:There were 534, 685 and 580 genes differentially expressed in 100 titer, moreover, 511, 485 and 531 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained from 10-2 titer for 66 h, 90 h and 114 h, respectively. These genes were mainly involved in functional categories including immune response, extracellular space, heparin binding, oxygen transport, extracellular region, cellular response to interleukin-4, MHC class II protein complex, antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II, and pathways such as ribosome, ECM-receptor interaction, cell adhesion molecules, JAk-STAT signaling pathway, PPAR signaling pathway, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, phagosome.Conclusions: Different titers of DEV infection can stimulate different biological processes and signaling pathways in the spleen, and regulated the complex biological processes, metabolic and signaling pathways in the process of DEV infection.This transcriptome analysis of duck spleen infected with DEV in different time points is reported for the first time, it laid the foundation for further understanding of interactions between DEV and duck spleen tissue, molecular mechanisms of duck defend against DEV infection, and screening key functional genes.

2020-06-27 | GSE100524 | GEO

Complete Genome Sequence of the Goatpox Virus Strain Gorgan Obtained Directly from a Commercial Live Attenuated Vaccine.

Project description:This is a report of the complete genome sequence of the goatpox virus strain Gorgan, which was obtained directly from a commercial live attenuated vaccine (Caprivac, Jordan Bio-Industries Centre).

| S-EPMC5064104 | biostudies-literature

US10 Protein Is Crucial but not Indispensable for Duck Enteritis Virus Infection in Vitro.

Project description:To investigate the function of the duck enteritis virus (DEV) tegument protein US10, we generated US10 deletion and revertant mutants (ΔUS10 and US10FRT) via two-step RED recombination based on an infectious BAC clone of DEV CHv-BAC-G (BAC-G). In multistep growth kinetic analyses, ΔUS10 showed an approximately 100-fold reduction in viral titer, while the genome copies decreased only 4-fold compared to those of BAC-G. In one-step growth kinetic analyses, there were no significant differences in genome copies among BAC-G, ΔUS10 and US10FRT, but ΔUS10 still showed a 5- to 20-fold reduction in viral titer, and the replication defect of ΔUS10 was partially reversed by infection of US10-expressing cells. The transcription levels of Mx, OASL, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 in ΔUS10-infected duck embryo fibroblasts (DEFs) were significantly upregulated, while TLR3 was downregulated compared with those in BAC-G-infected DEFs. Taken together, these data indicated that US10 is vital for DEV replication and is associated with transcription of some immunity genes.

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Adaptation and attenuation of duck Tembusu virus strain Du/CH/LSD/110128 following serial passage in chicken embryos.

Project description:Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) is a newly emerging pathogenic flavivirus that has caused massive economic losses to the duck industry in China. In the current study, a virulent strain of DTMUV, designated Du/CH/LSD/110128, was isolated from the livers of diseased ducks and attenuated by serial passage in embryonated chicken eggs. The virus was partially attenuated after 50 and 70 passages and was fully attenuated after 90 passages, based on mortality and morbidity rates and viral loads in inoculated ducklings. Fourteen amino acid substitutions were observed in the capsid, prM, envelope, NS1, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, and NS5 proteins of the fully attenuated strain of Du/CH/LSD/110128, which might be responsible for the observed changes in replication and pathogenicity. A 72-nucleotide deletion was also observed in the 3' untranslated region of the virus after 30 passages. The fully attenuated virus retained the immunogenicity of the parental strain, providing effective protection to challenge with virulent Du/CH/LSD/110128, and may represent a suitable candidate as a vaccine strain against DTMUV infection in ducks. Our results also lay the foundation for future studies on the replication and pathogenic mechanisms of DTMUV.

| S-EPMC4135909 | biostudies-literature

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