Dataset Information

Genetic characterization of the hemagglutinin genes of wild-type measles virus circulating in china, 1993-2009.

ABSTRACT:

Background

China experienced several large measles outbreaks in the past two decades, and a series of enhanced control measures were implemented to achieve the goal of measles elimination. Molecular epidemiologic surveillance of wild-type measles viruses (MeV) provides valuable information about the viral transmission patterns. Since 1993, virologic surveillnace has confirmed that a single endemic genotype H1 viruses have been predominantly circulating in China. A component of molecular surveillance is to monitor the genetic characteristics of the hemagglutinin (H) gene of MeV, the major target for virus neutralizing antibodies.

Principal findings

Analysis of the sequences of the complete H gene from 56 representative wild-type MeV strains circulating in China during 1993-2009 showed that the H gene sequences were clustered into 2 groups, cluster 1 and cluster 2. Cluster1 strains were the most frequently detected cluster and had a widespread distribution in China after 2000. The predicted amino acid sequences of the H protein were relatively conserved at most of the functionally significant amino acid positions. However, most of the genotype H1 cluster1 viruses had an amino acid substitution (Ser240Asn), which removed a predicted N-linked glycosylation site. In addition, the substitution of Pro397Leu in the hemagglutinin noose epitope (HNE) was identified in 23 of 56 strains. The evolutionary rate of the H gene of the genotype H1 viruses was estimated to be approximately 0.76×10(-3) substitutions per site per year, and the ratio of dN to dS (dN/dS) was <1 indicating the absence of selective pressure.

Conclusions

Although H genes of the genotype H1 strains were conserved and not subjected to selective pressure, several amino acid substitutions were observed in functionally important positions. Therefore the antigenic and genetic properties of H genes of wild-type MeVs should be monitored as part of routine molecular surveillance for measles in China.

SUBMITTER: Xu S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3779233 | biostudies-literature | 2013

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Genetic characterization of the hemagglutinin genes of wild-type measles virus circulating in china, 1993-2009.

Xu Songtao S Zhang Yan Y Zhu Zhen Z Liu Chunyu C Mao Naiying N Ji Yixin Y Wang Huiling H Jiang Xiaohong X Li Chongshan C Tang Wei W Feng Daxing D Wang Changyin C Zheng Lei L Lei Yue Y Ling Hua H Zhao Chunfang C Ma Yan Y He Jilan J Wang Yan Y Li Ping P Guan Ronghui R Zhou Shujie S Zhou Jianhui J Wang Shuang S Zhang Hong H Zheng Huanying H Liu Leng L Ma Hemuti H Guan Jing J Lu Peishan P Feng Yan Y Zhang Yanjun Y Zhou Shunde S Xiong Ying Y Ba Zhuoma Z Chen Hui H Yang Xiuhui X Bo Fang F Ma Yujie Y Liang Yong Y Lei Yake Y Gu Suyi S Liu Wei W Chen Meng M Featherstone David D Jee Youngmee Y Bellini William J WJ Rota Paul A PA Xu Wenbo W

PloS one 20130920 9

<h4>Background</h4>China experienced several large measles outbreaks in the past two decades, and a series of enhanced control measures were implemented to achieve the goal of measles elimination. Molecular epidemiologic surveillance of wild-type measles viruses (MeV) provides valuable information about the viral transmission patterns. Since 1993, virologic surveillnace has confirmed that a single endemic genotype H1 viruses have been predominantly circulating in China. A component of molecular ...[more]

PMID: 24073194

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Project description:Regarded as an emerging diarrheal micropathogen, Vibrio cholerae serogroup O139 was first identified in 1992 and has become an important cause of cholera epidemics over the last two decades. O139 strains have been continually isolated since O139 cholera appeared in China in 1993, from sporadic cases and dispersed foodborne outbreaks, which are the common epidemic types of O139 cholera in China. Antibiotic resistance profiles of these epidemic strains are required for development of clinical treatments, epidemiological studies and disease control. In this study, a comprehensive investigation of the antibiotic resistance of V. cholerae O139 strains isolated in China from 1993 to 2009 was conducted. The initial O139 isolates were resistant to streptomycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and polymyxin B only, while multidrug resistance increased suddenly and became common in strains isolated after 1998. Different resistance profiles were observed in the isolates from different years. In contrast, most V. cholerae O1 strains isolated in the same period were much less resistant to these antibiotics and no obvious multidrug resistance patterns were detected. Most of the non-toxigenic strains isolated from the environment and seafood were resistant to four antibiotics or fewer, although a few multidrug resistant strains were also identified. These toxigenic O139 strains exhibited a high prevalence of the class I integron and the SXT element, which were rare in the non-toxigenic strains. Molecular subtyping of O139 strains showed highly diverse pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns, which may correspond to the epidemic state of sporadic cases and small-scale outbreaks and complex resistance patterns. Severe multidrug resistance, even resistance transfers based on mobile antibiotic resistance elements, increases the probability of O139 cholera as a threat to public health. Therefore, continual epidemiological and antibiotic sensitivity surveillance should focus on the occurrence of multidrug resistance and frequent microbial population shifts in O139 strains.

Dataset Information

Genetic characterization of the hemagglutinin genes of wild-type measles virus circulating in china, 1993-2009.

Background

Principal findings

Conclusions

Publications

Genetic characterization of the hemagglutinin genes of wild-type measles virus circulating in china, 1993-2009.

Similar Datasets

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