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MiR-492 impairs the angiogenic potential of endothelial cells.

ABSTRACT: Endothelial cells growing in high glucose-containing medium show reduced cell proliferation and in vitro angiogenesis. Evidence suggests that the molecular pathways leading to these cellular responses are controlled by microRNAs, endogenous post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. To identify the microRNAs and their targeted genes involved in the glucose responses, we performed the miRNA signature of Human Umbelical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) exposed and unexposed to high glucose. Among differentially expressed microRNAs, we analysed miR-492 and showed that its overexpression was able to reduce proliferation, migration and tube formation of HUVEC. These effects were accompanied by the down-regulation of eNOS, a key regulator of the endothelial cell function. We showed that eNOS was indirectly down-regulated by miR-492 and we discovered that miR-492 was able to bind mRNAs involved in proliferation, migration, tube formation and regulation of eNOS activity and expression. Moreover, we found that miR-492 decreased VEGF expression in HUVEC and impaired in vivo angiogenesis in a tumour xenograft model, suggesting a role also in modulating the secretion of pro-angiogenic factors. Taken together, the data indicate that miR-492 exerts a potent anti-angiogenic activity in endothelial cells and therefore miR-492 seems a promising tool for anti-angiogenic therapy.

SUBMITTER: Patella F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3780533 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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MiR-492 impairs the angiogenic potential of endothelial cells.

Patella Francesca F Leucci Eleonora E Evangelista Monica M Parker Brian B Wen Jiayu J Mercatanti Alberto A Rizzo Milena M Chiavacci Elena E Lund Anders H AH Rainaldi Giuseppe G

Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 20130626 8

Endothelial cells growing in high glucose-containing medium show reduced cell proliferation and in vitro angiogenesis. Evidence suggests that the molecular pathways leading to these cellular responses are controlled by microRNAs, endogenous post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. To identify the microRNAs and their targeted genes involved in the glucose responses, we performed the miRNA signature of Human Umbelical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) exposed and unexposed to high glucose ...[more]

PMID: 23802567

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Project description:BackgroundPremature infants requiring mechanical ventilation and supplemental oxygen for respiratory support are at increased risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), wherein inflammation have been proposed as a driver of hyperoxia-induced injuries, including persistent loss of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), impaired vascularization and eventual alveolar simplification in BPD lungs. However, the underlying mechanisms linking these phenomena remain poorly defined.MethodsWe used clodronate liposomes to deplete macrophages in a mouse model of neonatal hyperoxia-induced lung injury to evaluate if EPC loss in BPD lungs could be an effect of macrophage infiltration. We further generated in vitro culture systems initiated with cord blood (CB)-derived CD34+ EPCs and neonatal macrophages either polarized from CB-derived monocytes or isolated from tracheal aspirates of human preterm infants requiring mechanical ventilation and oxygen supplementation, to identify EV-transmitted molecular mechanism that is critical for inhibitory actions of hyperoxic macrophages on EPCs.ResultsInitial experiments using mouse model identified the crucial role of macrophage infiltration in eliciting significant reduction of c-Kit+ EPCs in BPD lungs. Further examination of this concept in human system, we found that hyperoxia-exposed neonatal macrophages hamper human CD34+ EPC maintenance and impair endothelial function in the differentiated progeny via the EV transmission of miR-23a-3p. Notably, treatment with antagomiR-23a-3p to silence miR-23a-3p in vivo enhances c-Kit+ EPC maintenance, and increases capillary density, and consequently mitigates simplified alveolarization in BPD lungs.ConclusionOur findings highlight the importance of pulmonary intercellular communication in the pathophysiology of BPD, by identifying a linkage through vesicle transfer of miR-23a-3p from hyperoxic macrophages to EPCs, and thus demonstrating potential for novel therapeutic target in BPD.

Project description:AimsCardiac ischaemia does not elicit an efficient angiogenic response. Indeed, lack of surgical revascularization upon myocardial infarction results in cardiomyocyte death, scarring, and loss of contractile function. Clinical trials aimed at inducing therapeutic revascularization through the delivery of pro-angiogenic molecules after cardiac ischaemia have invariably failed, suggesting that endothelial cells in the heart cannot mount an efficient angiogenic response. To understand why the heart is a poorly angiogenic environment, here we compare the angiogenic response of the cardiac and skeletal muscle using a lineage tracing approach to genetically label sprouting endothelial cells.Methods and resultsWe observed that overexpression of the vascular endothelial growth factor in the skeletal muscle potently stimulated angiogenesis, resulting in the formation of a massive number of new capillaries and arterioles. In contrast, response to the same dose of the same factor in the heart was blunted and consisted in a modest increase in the number of new arterioles. By using Apelin-CreER mice to genetically label sprouting endothelial cells we observed that different pro-angiogenic stimuli activated Apelin expression in both muscle types to a similar extent, however, only in the skeletal muscle, these cells were able to sprout, form elongated vascular tubes activating Notch signalling, and became incorporated into arteries. In the heart, Apelin-positive cells transiently persisted and failed to give rise to new vessels. When we implanted cancer cells in different organs, the abortive angiogenic response in the heart resulted in a reduced expansion of the tumour mass.ConclusionOur genetic lineage tracing indicates that cardiac endothelial cells activate Apelin expression in response to pro-angiogenic stimuli but, different from those of the skeletal muscle, fail to proliferate and form mature and structured vessels. The poor angiogenic potential of the heart is associated with reduced tumour angiogenesis and growth of cancer cells.

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MiR-492 impairs the angiogenic potential of endothelial cells.

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MiR-492 impairs the angiogenic potential of endothelial cells.

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