Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

0 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Recent progress and clinical importance on pharmacogenetics in cancer therapy.

ABSTRACT: Recent advances have provided unprecedented opportunities to identify prognostic and predictive markers of efficacy of cancer therapy. Genetic markers can be used to exclude patients who will not benefit from therapy, exclude patients at high risk of severe toxicity and adjust dosing. Genomic approaches for marker discovery now include genome-wide association studies and tumor DNA sequencing. The challenge is now to select markers for which there is enough evidence to transition them to the clinic. The hurdles include the inherent low frequency of many of these markers, the lengthy validation process through trials, as well as legislative and economic hurdles. Attempts to answer questions about certain markers more quickly have led to an increased popularity of trials with enrichment design, especially in light of the dramatic phase I results seen in recent months. Personalized medicine in oncology is a step closer to reality.

SUBMITTER: Soh TI

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3858908 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Publications

Recent progress and clinical importance on pharmacogenetics in cancer therapy.

Soh Thomas I Peng TI Yong Wei Peng WP Innocenti Federico F

Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine 20110928 10

Recent advances have provided unprecedented opportunities to identify prognostic and predictive markers of efficacy of cancer therapy. Genetic markers can be used to exclude patients who will not benefit from therapy, exclude patients at high risk of severe toxicity and adjust dosing. Genomic approaches for marker discovery now include genome-wide association studies and tumor DNA sequencing. The challenge is now to select markers for which there is enough evidence to transition them to the clin ...[more]

PMID: 21950596

Similar Datasets

Pharmacogenetics of antipsychotics: recent progress and methodological issues.

Project description:IntroductionAntipsychotic drug is the mainstay of treatment for schizophrenia, and there are large inter-individual differences in clinical response and side effects. Pharmacogenetics provides a valuable tool to fulfill the promise of personalized medicine by tailoring treatment based on one's genetic markers.Areas coveredThis article reviews the recent progress in pharmacogenetic research of antipsychotic drugs since 2010, focusing on two areas: antipsychotic-induced weight gain and clozapine-induced agranulocytosis. The article also provides discussion on the important methodological issues in this area of research. The specific aim of this article is to provide the reader with up-to-date evidence in pharmacogenetic research, and for them to gain familiarity to the issues and challenges facing the field.Expert opinionPharmacogenetic studies of antipsychotic drugs are promising despite many challenges. Recent advances as reviewed in this article push the field closer to routine clinical utilization of pharmacogenetic testing. Progress in genomic technology and bioinformatics, larger sample sizes, better phenotype characterization, and careful consideration of study design issues will help to elevate antipsychotic pharmacogenetics to its next level.

| S-EPMC3547146 | biostudies-literature

Recent Progress in Gene Therapy for Ovarian Cancer.

Project description:Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy in developed countries. This is due to the lack of specific symptoms that hinder early diagnosis and to the high relapse rate after treatment with radical surgery and chemotherapy. Hence, novel therapeutic modalities to improve clinical outcomes in ovarian malignancy are needed. Progress in gene therapy has allowed the development of several strategies against ovarian cancer. Most are focused on the design of improved vectors to enhance gene delivery on the one hand, and, on the other hand, on the development of new therapeutic tools based on the restoration or destruction of a deregulated gene, the use of suicide genes, genetic immunopotentiation, the inhibition of tumour angiogenesis, the alteration of pharmacological resistance, and oncolytic virotherapy. In the present manuscript, we review the recent advances made in gene therapy for ovarian cancer, highlighting the latest clinical trials experience, the current challenges and future perspectives.

| S-EPMC6073662 | biostudies-literature

Recent Progress of Targeted G-Quadruplex-Preferred Ligands Toward Cancer Therapy.

Project description:A G-quadruplex (G4) is a well-known nucleic acid secondary structure comprising guanine-rich sequences, and has profound implications for various pharmacological and biological events, including cancers. Therefore, ligands interacting with G4s have attracted great attention as potential anticancer therapies or in molecular probe applications. To date, a large variety of DNA/RNA G4 ligands have been developed by a number of laboratories. As protein-targeting drugs face similar situations, G-quadruplex-interacting drugs displayed low selectivity to the targeted G-quadruplex structure. This low selectivity could cause unexpected effects that are usually reasons to halt the drug development process. In this review, we address the recent research on synthetic G4 DNA-interacting ligands that allow targeting of selected G4s as an approach toward the discovery of highly effective anticancer drugs.

| S-EPMC6384606 | biostudies-literature

Recent progress in targeted therapy for non-small cell lung cancer.

Project description:The high morbidity and mortality of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have always been major threats to people's health. With the identification of carcinogenic drivers in non-small cell lung cancer and the clinical application of targeted drugs, the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer patients has greatly improved. However, in a large number of non-small cell lung cancer cases, the carcinogenic driver is unknown. Identifying genetic alterations is critical for effective individualized therapy in NSCLC. Moreover, targeted drugs are difficult to apply in the clinic. Cancer drug resistance is an unavoidable obstacle limiting the efficacy and application of targeted drugs. This review describes the mechanisms of targeted-drug resistance and newly identified non-small cell lung cancer targets (e.g., KRAS G12C, NGRs, DDRs, CLIP1-LTK, PELP1, STK11/LKB1, NFE2L2/KEAP1, RICTOR, PTEN, RASGRF1, LINE-1, and SphK1). Research into these mechanisms and targets will drive individualized treatment of non-small cell lung cancer to generate better outcomes.

| S-EPMC9994183 | biostudies-literature

Single-Chain Fragment Variable: Recent Progress in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy.

Project description:Cancer remains a public health problem worldwide. Although conventional therapies have led to some excellent outcomes, some patients fail to respond to treatment, they have few therapeutic alternatives and a poor survival prognosis. Several strategies have been proposed to overcome this issue. The most recent approach is immunotherapy, particularly the use of recombinant antibodies and their derivatives, such as the single-chain fragment variable (scFv) containing the complete antigen-binding domains of a whole antibody that successfully targets tumor cells. This review describes the recent progress made with scFvs as a cancer diagnostic and therapeutic tool, with an emphasis on preclinical approaches and their potential use in clinical trials.

| S-EPMC9455005 | biostudies-literature

The recent progress of endocrine therapy-induced osteoporosis in estrogen-positive breast cancer therapy.

Project description:Breast cancer is a significant global health concern, and the discovery of endocrine therapy has played a crucial role in the treatment of estrogen-positive breast cancer. However, these therapies are often associated with osteoporosis-related adverse events, which increase the risk of fractures in breast cancer patients and can result in limited mobility and reduced quality of life. Previous studies have shown that osteoporosis is essential side effects of the breast cancer therapy, although the exact mechanisms remain mostly unclear. Current clinical treatments, such as bisphosphonates, cause side effects and may impact the therapeutic response to endocrine drugs. In this review, we explore the likelihood of endocrine therapy-induced osteoporosis in estrogen-positive breast cancer therapy and discuss the involved mechanisms as well as the therapeutic potential of drugs and drug combination strategies.

| S-EPMC10361726 | biostudies-literature

Recent progress in pancreatic islet cell therapy.

Project description:Human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), including human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, are promising cell sources in regenerating pancreatic islets through in vitro directed differentiation. Recent progress in this research field has made it possible to generate glucose-responsive pancreatic islet cells from PSCs. Single-cell RNA sequencing techniques have been applied to analyze PSC-derived endocrine beta-cells, which are then compared with human islets. This has led to the identification of novel signaling pathways and molecules involved in lineage commitment during pancreatic differentiation and maturation processes. Single-cell transcriptomics are also used to construct a detailed map of in vivo endocrine differentiation of developing mouse embryos to study pancreatic islet development. Mimicking those occurring in vivo, it was reported that differentiating PSCs can generate similar islet cell structures, while metabolomics analysis highlighted key components involved in PSC-derived pancreatic islet cell function, providing information for the improvement of in vitro pancreatic maturation procedures. In addition, cell transplantation into diabetic animal models, together with the cell delivery system, is studied to ensure the therapeutic potentials of PSC-derived pancreatic islet cells. Combined with gene-editing technology, the engineered mutation-corrected PSC lines originated from diabetes patients could be differentiated into functional pancreatic islet cells, suggesting possible autologous cell therapy in the future. These PSC-derived pancreatic islet cells are a potential tool for studies of disease modeling and drug testing. Herein, we outlined the directed differentiation procedures of PSC-derived pancreatic islet cells, novel findings through transcriptome and metabolome studies, and recent progress in disease modeling.

| S-EPMC7784351 | biostudies-literature

Current progress in pharmacogenetics.

Project description:The study of genetic variation has the potential to aid understanding of the mechanisms underlying the observed inter-individual variation in drug response and by which idiosyncratic adverse effects occur. In this review, we outline current progress in pharmacogenetics using examples to highlight both mechanisms of influence of polymorphisms and research strategies for their detection. In the final sections we discuss contemporary challenges for both researchers and clinicians.

| S-EPMC3099369 | biostudies-literature

Recent progress in pancreatic cancer.

Project description:Pancreatic cancer is currently one of the deadliest of the solid malignancies. However, surgery to resect neoplasms of the pancreas is safer and less invasive than ever, novel drug combinations have been shown to improve survival, advances in radiation therapy have resulted in less toxicity, and enormous strides have been made in the understanding of the fundamental genetics of pancreatic cancer. These advances provide hope but they also increase the complexity of caring for patients. It is clear that multidisciplinary care that provides comprehensive and coordinated evaluation and treatment is the most effective way to manage patients with pancreatic cancer.

| S-EPMC3769458 | biostudies-literature

Recent progress in mRNA cancer vaccines.

Project description:The research and development of messenger RNA (mRNA) cancer vaccines have gradually overcome numerous challenges through the application of personalized cancer antigens, structural optimization of mRNA, and the development of alternative RNA-based vectors and efficient targeted delivery vectors. Clinical trials are currently underway for various cancer vaccines that encode tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), tumor-specific antigens (TSAs), or immunomodulators. In this paper, we summarize the optimization of mRNA and the emergence of RNA-based expression vectors in cancer vaccines. We begin by reviewing the advancement and utilization of state-of-the-art targeted lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), followed by presenting the primary classifications and clinical applications of mRNA cancer vaccines. Collectively, mRNA vaccines are emerging as a central focus in cancer immunotherapy, offering the potential to address multiple challenges in cancer treatment, either as standalone therapies or in combination with current cancer treatments.

| S-EPMC10826636 | biostudies-literature

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data