Dataset Information

Dietary Mineral Intake and Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment: The PATH through Life Project.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Higher dietary intake of potassium, calcium, and magnesium is protective against ischemic strokes while also being associated with a decreased risk of all-cause dementia. The effect of dietary iron intake on cerebral function is less clear but iron is also implicated in Alzheimer neuropathology. The aim of this study was to investigate whether dietary intake of these minerals was also associated with increased risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI, amnestic) and other mild cognitive disorders (MCD).

Methods

Associations between dietary mineral intake and risk of MCI/MCD were assessed in cognitively healthy individuals (n?=?1406, 52% female, mean age 62.5?years) living in the community, who were followed up over 8?years. Relative risk was assessed with Cox hazard ratios (HRs) after controlling for health and socio-demographic covariates.

Results

Higher magnesium intake was associated with a reduced risk of developing MCI/MCD (MCI: HR 0.07, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.01-0.56, p?=?0.013; MCD: HR 0.47, 95% CI 0.22-0.99, p?=?0.046) in multivariate analyses. Higher intake of potassium (MCI: HR 1.09, 95% CI 1.01-1.17, p?=?0.028; MCD: HR 1.05, 95% CI 0.99-1.10, p?=?0.107) and iron (MCI: HR 1.54, 95% CI 1.03-2.29, p?=?0.034) was associated with an increased risk of developing MCI/MCD.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that dietary intake of minerals known to be implicated in biological processes associated with vascular and Alzheimer's pathology may contribute to disease progression earlier in the disease process and require further attention.

SUBMITTER: Cherbuin N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3912433 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Dietary Mineral Intake and Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment: The PATH through Life Project.

Cherbuin Nicolas N Kumar Rajeev R Sachdev Perminder S PS Anstey Kaarin J KJ

Frontiers in aging neuroscience 20140204

<h4>Background</h4>Higher dietary intake of potassium, calcium, and magnesium is protective against ischemic strokes while also being associated with a decreased risk of all-cause dementia. The effect of dietary iron intake on cerebral function is less clear but iron is also implicated in Alzheimer neuropathology. The aim of this study was to investigate whether dietary intake of these minerals was also associated with increased risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI, amnestic) and other mild co ...[more]

PMID: 24550825

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Malnutrition is common in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and is associated with institutionalization and increased mortality. Malnutrition is the result of a negative energy balance, which could be due to reduced dietary intake and/or higher energy expenditure. To study underlying mechanisms for malnutrition, we investigated dietary intake and resting energy expenditure (REE) of patients with AD dementia, MCI, and controls. In addition, we studied associations of global cognition (Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)) and AD biomarkers with dietary intake and REE. METHODS:We included 219 participants from the NUDAD project, 71 patients with AD dementia (age 68?±?8?years, 58% female, MMSE 24?±?3), 52 with MCI (67?±?8?years, 42% female, MMSE 26?±?2), and 96 controls (62?±?7?years, 52% female, MMSE 28?±?2). We used a 238-item food frequency questionnaire to assess dietary intake (energy, protein, carbohydrate, and fat). In a subgroup of 92 participants (30 patients with AD dementia, 22 with MCI, and 40 controls) we measured REE with indirect calorimetry. Between-group differences in dietary intake and REE were tested with ANOVAs. In the total sample, linear regression analyses were used to explore potential associations of MMSE score and AD biomarkers with dietary intake and REE. All analyses were adjusted for age, sex, education, and body mass index or fat-free mass. RESULTS:Patients with AD dementia and MCI did not differ from controls in total energy intake (1991?±?71 and 2172?±?80 vs 2022?±?61?kcal/day, p?>?0.05) nor in protein, carbohydrate, or fat intake. Patients with AD dementia and MCI had a higher REE than controls (1704?±?41 and 1754?±?47 vs 1569?±?34?kcal/day, p?<?0.05). We did not find any association of MMSE score or AD biomarkers with dietary intake or REE. CONCLUSIONS:We found a higher REE, despite similar energy intake in patients with AD and MCI compared to controls. These findings suggest that elevated metabolism rather than reduced energy intake explains malnutrition in AD. These results could be useful to optimize dietary advice for patients with AD dementia and MCI.

Project description:Background: People living with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Vascular Cognitive Impairment (VCI) are persons who do not fulfill a diagnosis of dementia, but who have a high risk of progressing to a dementia disorder. The most recent guidelines to counteract cognitive decline in MCI/VCI subjects suggest a multidimensional and multi-domain interventions combining cognitive, physical, and social activities. The purpose of this study is to test an innovative service that provides a multi-dimensional tele-rehabilitation program through a user-friendly web application. The latter has been developed through a participatory design involving MCI specialists, patients, and their caregivers. Particularly, the proposed tele-rehabilitation program includes cognitive, physical, and caregiver-supported social activities. The goal is to promote and preserve an active life style and counteract cognitive decline in people living with MCI/VCI. Methods:The study is a randomized controlled trial. Sixty subjects will be randomly assigned to the experimental group, who will receive the tele-rehabilitation program, or the control group, who will not receive any treatment. The trial protocol comprises three steps of assessment for the experimental group: at the baseline (T_0), after tele-rehabilitation program (T_1) and at follow-up after 12-months (T_2). Differently, the control group will be assessed twice: at the baseline and at 12-months follow-up. Both the experimental and the control group will be assessed with a multidimensional evaluation battery, including cognitive functioning, behavioral, functional, and quality of life measures. The tele-rehabilitation program lasts 8 weeks and includes cognitive exercises 3 days a week, physical activities 2 days a week, and social activities once a week. In addition, group will be given an actigraph (GENEActiv, Activisinghts Ltd., Cambridgshire, UK) to track physical and sleep activity. Discussion:Results of this study will inform on the efficacy of the proposed tele-rehabilitation to prevent or delay further cognitive decline in MCI/VCI subjects. The expected outcome is to counteract cognitive decline and improve both physical functioning and quality of life. Ethics and Dissemination:The study is approved by the Local Ethics Committee and registered in https://clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03383549). Dissemination will include submission to a peer-reviewed journal, patients, and healthcare magazines and congress presentations. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03383549 (registration date: 26/dec/2017) Trial Funding: Bando FAS Salute 2014 Regione Toscana Version Identifier: ver 5-16/11/2018.

Dataset Information

Dietary Mineral Intake and Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment: The PATH through Life Project.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Dietary Mineral Intake and Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment: The PATH through Life Project.

Similar Datasets

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