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Serosurveillance to monitor onchocerciasis elimination: the Ugandan experience.


ABSTRACT: Uganda is the only African country whose onchocerciasis elimination program uses a two-pronged approach of vector control and mass drug distribution. The Ugandan program relies heavily upon the use of serosurveys of children to monitor progress toward elimination. The program has tested over 39,000 individuals from 11 foci for Onchocerca volvulus exposure, using the Ov16 ELISA test. The data show that the Ov16 ELISA is a useful operational tool to monitor onchocerciasis transmission interruption in Africa at the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended threshold of < 0.1% in children. The Ugandan experience has also resulted in a re-examination of the statistical methods used to estimate the boundary of the upper 95% confidence interval for the WHO prevalence threshold when all samples tested are negative. This has resulted in the development of Bayesian and hypergeometric statistical methods that reduce the number of individuals who must be tested to meet the WHO criterion.

SUBMITTER: Oguttu D 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3919245 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Serosurveillance to monitor onchocerciasis elimination: the Ugandan experience.

Oguttu David D   Byamukama Edson E   Katholi Charles R CR   Habomugisha Peace P   Nahabwe Christine C   Ngabirano Monica M   Hassan Hassan K HK   Lakwo Thomson T   Katabarwa Moses M   Richards Frank O FO   Unnasch Thomas R TR  

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 20131216 2


Uganda is the only African country whose onchocerciasis elimination program uses a two-pronged approach of vector control and mass drug distribution. The Ugandan program relies heavily upon the use of serosurveys of children to monitor progress toward elimination. The program has tested over 39,000 individuals from 11 foci for Onchocerca volvulus exposure, using the Ov16 ELISA test. The data show that the Ov16 ELISA is a useful operational tool to monitor onchocerciasis transmission interruption  ...[more]

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