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Increased alpha-9 human papillomavirus species viral load in human immunodeficiency virus positive women.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Persistent high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and increased HR-HPV viral load are associated with the development of cancer. This study investigated the effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection, HIV viral load and CD4 count on the HR-HPV viral load; and also investigated the predictors of cervical abnormalities. METHODS:Participants were 292 HIV-negative and 258 HIV-positive women. HR-HPV viral loads in cervical cells were determined by the real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS:HIV-positive women had a significantly higher viral load for combined alpha-9 HPV species compared to HIV-negative women (median 3.9 copies per cell compared to 0.63 copies per cell, P = 0.022). This was not observed for individual HPV types. HIV-positive women with CD4 counts >350/?l had significantly lower viral loads for alpha-7 HPV species (median 0.12 copies per cell) than HIV-positive women with CD4 ?350/?l (median 1.52 copies per cell, P = 0.008), but low CD4 count was not significantly associated with increased viral load for other HPV species. High viral loads for alpha-6, alpha-7 and alpha-9 HPV species were significant predictors of abnormal cytology in women. CONCLUSION:HIV co-infection significantly increased the combined alpha-9 HPV viral load in women but not viral loads for individual HPV types. High HR-HPV viral load was associated with cervical abnormal cytology.

SUBMITTER: Mbulawa ZZ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3922074 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Increased alpha-9 human papillomavirus species viral load in human immunodeficiency virus positive women.

Mbulawa Zizipho Z A ZZ Johnson Leigh F LF Marais Dianne J DJ Gustavsson Inger I Moodley Jennifer R JR Coetzee David D Gyllensten Ulf U Williamson Anna-Lise AL

BMC infectious diseases 20140131

<h4>Background</h4>Persistent high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and increased HR-HPV viral load are associated with the development of cancer. This study investigated the effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection, HIV viral load and CD4 count on the HR-HPV viral load; and also investigated the predictors of cervical abnormalities.<h4>Methods</h4>Participants were 292 HIV-negative and 258 HIV-positive women. HR-HPV viral loads in cervical cells were determined by ...[more]

PMID: 24484380

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Project description:The association between partner human papillomavirus (HPV) viral load and incident HPV detection in heterosexual couples is unknown.HPV genotypes were detected in 632 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative couples followed for 2 years in a male circumcision trial in Rakai, Uganda, using the Roche HPV Linear Array. This assay detects 37 genotypes and provides a semiquantitative measure of viral load based on the intensity (graded 1-4) of the genotype-specific band; a band intensity of 1 indicates a low genotype-specific HPV load, whereas an intensity of 4 indicates a high load. Using Poisson regression with generalized estimating equations, we measured the association between partner's genotype-specific viral load and detection of that genotype in the HPV-discordant partner 1 year later.Incident detection of HPV genotypes was 10.6% among men (54 of 508 genotype-specific visit intervals) and 9.0% among women (55 of 611 genotype-specific visit intervals). Use of male partners with a baseline genotype-specific band intensity of 1 as a reference yielded adjusted relative risks (aRRs) of 1.14 (95% confidence interval [CI], .58-2.27]) for incident detection of that genotype among women whose male partner had a baseline band intensity of 2, 1.75 (95% CI, .97-3.17) among those whose partner had an intensity of 3, and 2.52 (95% CI, 1.40-4.54) among those whose partner had an intensity of 4. Use of female partners with a baseline genotype-specific band intensity of 1 as a reference yielded an aRR of 2.83 (95% CI, 1.50-5.33) for incident detection of that genotype among men whose female partner had a baseline band intensity of 4. These associations were similar for high-risk and low-risk genotypes. Male circumcision also was associated with significant reductions in incident HPV detection in men (aRR, 0.53 [95% CI, .30-.95]) and women (aRR, 0.42 [95% CI, .23-.76]).In heterosexual couples, the genotype-specific HPV load in one partner is associated with the risk of new detection of that genotype in the other partner. Interventions that reduce the HPV load may reduce the incidence of HPV transmission.

Dataset Information

Increased alpha-9 human papillomavirus species viral load in human immunodeficiency virus positive women.

Publications

Increased alpha-9 human papillomavirus species viral load in human immunodeficiency virus positive women.

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