Dataset Information

Gender-based screening for chlamydial infection and divergent infection trends in men and women.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

To assess the potential impact of chlamydial screening policy that recommends routine screening of women but not men.

Methods

Population surveys of probability samples of Baltimore adults aged 18 to 35 years in 1997-1998 and 2006-2009 collected biospecimens to estimate trends in undiagnosed chlamydial infection. Survey estimates are compared to surveillance data on diagnosed chlamydial infections reported to the Health Department.

Results

Prevalence of undiagnosed chlamydial infection among men increased from 1.6% to 4.0%, but it declined from 4.3% to 3.1% among women (p?=?0.028 for test of interaction). The annual (average) number of diagnosed infections was substantially higher among women than men in both time periods and increased among both men and women. Undiagnosed infection prevalence was substantially higher among black than non-black adults (4.0% vs 1.2%, p?=?0.042 in 1997-98 and 5.5% vs 0.7%, p<0.001 in 2006-09).

Conclusion

Divergent trends in undiagnosed chlamydial infection by gender parallel divergent screening recommendations that encourage chlamydial testing for women but not for men.

SUBMITTER: Rogers SM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3929759 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Gender-based screening for chlamydial infection and divergent infection trends in men and women.

Rogers Susan M SM Turner Charles F CF Miller William C WC Erbelding Emily E Eggleston Elizabeth E Tan Sylvia S Roman Anthony A Hobbs Marcia M Chromy James J Muvva Ravikiran R Ganapathi Laxminarayana L

PloS one 20140219 2

<h4>Objectives</h4>To assess the potential impact of chlamydial screening policy that recommends routine screening of women but not men.<h4>Methods</h4>Population surveys of probability samples of Baltimore adults aged 18 to 35 years in 1997-1998 and 2006-2009 collected biospecimens to estimate trends in undiagnosed chlamydial infection. Survey estimates are compared to surveillance data on diagnosed chlamydial infections reported to the Health Department.<h4>Results</h4>Prevalence of undiagnose ...[more]

PMID: 24586491

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Project description:BackgroundCancer screening programmes in England are publicly-funded. Professionals' beliefs in the public health benefits of screening can conflict with individuals' entitlements to exercise informed judgement over whether or not to participate. The recognition of the importance of individual autonomy in decision making requires greater understanding of the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs upon which people's screening choices are founded. Until recently, the technology available required that cancer screening be confined to women. This study aimed to discover whether male and female perceptions of cancer and of screening differed.MethodsData on the public's cancer beliefs were collected by means of a postal survey (anonymous questionnaire). Two general practices based in Nottingham and in Mansfield, in east-central England, sent questionnaires to registered patients aged 30 to 70 years. 1,808 completed questionnaires were returned for analysis, 56.5 per cent from women.ResultsWomen were less likely to underestimate overall cancer incidence, although each sex was more likely to cite a sex-specific cancer as being amongst the most common cancer site. In terms of risk factors, men were most uncertain about the role of stress and sexually-transmitted diseases, whereas women were more likely to rate excessive alcohol and family history as major risk factors. The majority of respondents believed the public health care system should provide cancer screening, but significantly more women than men reported having benefiting from the nationally-provided screening services. Those who were older, in better health or had longer periods of formal education were less worried about cancer than those who had illness experiences, lower incomes, or who were smokers. Actual or potential participation in bowel screening was higher amongst those who believed bowel cancer to be common and amongst men, despite women having more substantial worries about cancer than men.ConclusionOur results suggest that men's and women's differential knowledge of cancer correlates with women's closer involvement with screening. Even so, men were neither less positive about screening nor less likely to express a willingness to participate in relevant screening in the future. It is important to understand gender-related differences in knowledge and perceptions of cancer, if health promotion resources are to be allocated efficiently.

Dataset Information

Gender-based screening for chlamydial infection and divergent infection trends in men and women.

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Gender-based screening for chlamydial infection and divergent infection trends in men and women.

Similar Datasets

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