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Patchwork sequencing of tomato San Marzano and Vesuviano varieties highlights genome-wide variations.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Investigation of tomato genetic resources is a crucial issue for better straight evolution and genetic studies as well as tomato breeding strategies. Traditional Vesuviano and San Marzano varieties grown in Campania region (Southern Italy) are famous for their remarkable fruit quality. Owing to their economic and social importance is crucial to understand the genetic basis of their unique traits. RESULTS: Here, we present the draft genome sequences of tomato Vesuviano and San Marzano genome. A 40x genome coverage was obtained from a hybrid Illumina paired-end reads assembling that combines de novo assembly with iterative mapping to the reference S. lycopersicum genome (SL2.40). Insertions, deletions and SNP variants were carefully measured. When assessed on the basis of the reference annotation, 30% of protein-coding genes are predicted to have variants in both varieties. Copy genes number and gene location were assessed by mRNA transcripts mapping, showing a closer relationship of San Marzano with reference genome. Distinctive variations in key genes and transcription/regulation factors related to fruit quality have been revealed for both cultivars. CONCLUSIONS: The effort performed highlighted varieties relationships and important variants in fruit key processes useful to dissect the path from sequence variant to phenotype.

SUBMITTER: Ercolano MR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3936818 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Patchwork sequencing of tomato San Marzano and Vesuviano varieties highlights genome-wide variations.

Ercolano Maria Raffaella MR Sacco Adriana A Ferriello Francesca F D'Alessandro Raffaella R Tononi Paola P Traini Alessandra A Barone Amalia A Zago Elisa E Chiusano Maria Luisa ML Buson Genny G Delledonne Massimo M Frusciante Luigi L

BMC genomics 20140218

<h4>Background</h4>Investigation of tomato genetic resources is a crucial issue for better straight evolution and genetic studies as well as tomato breeding strategies. Traditional Vesuviano and San Marzano varieties grown in Campania region (Southern Italy) are famous for their remarkable fruit quality. Owing to their economic and social importance is crucial to understand the genetic basis of their unique traits.<h4>Results</h4>Here, we present the draft genome sequences of tomato Vesuviano an ...[more]

PMID: 24548308

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Project description:BackgroundCultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is the second most important vegetable crop after potato and a member of thirteen interfertile species of Solanum genus. Domestication and continuous selection for desirable traits made cultivated tomato species susceptible to many stresses as compared to the wild species. In this study, we analyzed and compared the genomes of wild and cultivated tomato accessions to identify the genomic regions that encountered changes during domestication.ResultsAnalysis was based on SNP and InDel mining of twentynine accessions of twelve wild tomato species and forty accessions of cultivated tomato. Percentage of common SNPs among the accessions within a species corresponded with the reproductive behavior of the species. SNP profiles of the wild tomato species within a phylogenetic subsection varied with their geographical distribution. Interestingly, the ratio of genic SNP to total SNPs increased with phylogenetic distance of the wild tomato species from the domesticated species, suggesting that variations in gene-coding region play a major role in speciation. We retrieved 2439 physical positions in 1594 genes including 32 resistance related genes where all the wild accessions possessed a common wild variant allele different from all the cultivated accessions studied. Tajima's D analysis predicted a very strong purifying selection associated with domestication in nearly 1% of its genome, half of which is contributed by chromosome 11. This genomic region with a low Tajima's D value hosts a variety of genes associated with important agronomic trait such as, fruit size, tiller number and wax deposition.ConclusionOur analysis revealed a broad-spectrum genetic base in wild tomato species and erosion of that in cultivated tomato due to recurrent selection for agronomically important traits. Identification of the common wild variant alleles and the genomic regions undergoing purifying selection during cultivation would facilitate future breeding program by introgression from wild species.

Dataset Information

Patchwork sequencing of tomato San Marzano and Vesuviano varieties highlights genome-wide variations.

Publications

Patchwork sequencing of tomato San Marzano and Vesuviano varieties highlights genome-wide variations.

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