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Risk factors for early childhood infection of human herpesvirus-8 in Zambian children: the role of early childhood feeding practices.

ABSTRACT: Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) infection in early childhood is common throughout sub-Saharan Africa with prevalence increasing throughout childhood. Specific routes of transmission have not been clearly delineated, though HHV-8 is present in high concentrations in saliva.To understand the horizontal transmission of HHV-8 within households to children, we enrolled for cross-sectional analysis, 251 households including 254 children, age two and under, in Lusaka, Zambia. For all children, plasma was screened for HHV-8 and HIV type I (HIV-1) and health and behavioral questionnaires were completed. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess independent factors for HHV-8 infection in children.Risk factors for HHV-8 infection included increasing number of HHV-8-positive household members [OR = 2.5; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.9-3.3; P < 0.01] and having a primary caregiver who tested the temperature of food with their tongue before feeding the child (OR = 2.4; 95% CI, 1.93-3.30; P = 0.01). Breastfeeding was protective against infection with HHV-8 for children (OR = 0.3; 95% CI, 0.16-0.72; P < 0.01).These results indicate that exposure to HHV-8 in the household increases risk for early childhood infection, with specific feeding behaviors likely playing a role in transmission.Interventions to protect children from infection should emphasize the possibility of infection through sharing of foods.

SUBMITTER: Crabtree KL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3939055 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Risk factors for early childhood infection of human herpesvirus-8 in Zambian children: the role of early childhood feeding practices.

Crabtree Kay L KL Wojcicki Janet M JM Minhas Veenu V Smith David R DR Kankasa Chipepo C Mitchell Charles D CD Wood Charles C

Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology 20131202 2

<h4>Background</h4>Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) infection in early childhood is common throughout sub-Saharan Africa with prevalence increasing throughout childhood. Specific routes of transmission have not been clearly delineated, though HHV-8 is present in high concentrations in saliva.<h4>Methods</h4>To understand the horizontal transmission of HHV-8 within households to children, we enrolled for cross-sectional analysis, 251 households including 254 children, age two and under, in Lusaka, Zam ...[more]

PMID: 24296855

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Project description:The objective of this investigation was to describe maternal psychosocial, behavioral, and acculturation factors associated with early childhood caries in a sample of urban Latino mother-child dyads. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 100 mothers whose children (under the age of 6 y) were patients at the Dental Center at Children's Hospital Colorado in Aurora, Colorado. All children participating in the study received an oral examination to measure decayed, missing, filled, surfaces (dmfs). Participating mothers were given the option to sign the consent form and complete the survey in English or Spanish, according to their preferred language. The survey used demographic, behavioral, knowledge, and several psychosocial variables. Bivariate analysis was conducted with dmfs as a dependent variable. The associations between independent variables and dmfs were modeled using negative binomial regression. Mean ± SD dmfs for the entire sample was about 11 ± 16.85. The mothers who spoke Spanish had children with significantly (P = 0.046) higher dmfs scores (15.2) compared to mothers who spoke English (7.56). Preference of Spanish language was significantly associated with self-efficacy (P = 0.0043), oral health knowledge (P = 0.0024), and 3 subscales of the health belief model: perceived severity (P = 0.057), perceived barriers (P = 0.0002), and perceived susceptibility (P = 0.008). Both in the univariate and the multivariate models, oral health behavior and preferential use of Spanish remained significantly associated with higher dmfs scores. Results of this study demonstrate that maternal oral health behaviors and preferred language are significant factors associated with early childhood caries in urban Latino children. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Results of this study indicate that maternal oral health behaviors and the level of acculturation are significantly associated with caries in urban Latino children. Caries prevention efforts in this population could use this information to tailor oral health messaging according to the level of acculturation in mothers.

Project description:BackgroundOptimal early infant feeding practices are critical to ensure adequate nutrition for infants' growth and development. This study aimed to examine the determinants of suboptimal early feeding practices (i.e., delayed initiation of breastfeeding, prelacteal feeding, and non-exclusive breastfeeding) among infants aged 0-5 months in Indonesia.MethodsWe used data collected in the 2012 and 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Surveys. Analyses were conducted using information from 3,198 live-born singleton infants aged 0-5 months. The primary outcomes used were: (1) delayed initiation of breastfeeding in the first hour after birth, (2) prelacteal feeding in the first 3 days, and (3) non-exclusive breastfeeding in the last 24 h preceding the survey. Potential predictors analyzed were categorized into the environmental, household, maternal, pregnancy, delivery, and child characteristics. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors significantly associated with each outcome.ResultsApproximately 78,6% of infants aged 0-5 months in Indonesia had at least one of the three suboptimal early infant feeding practices. We found a strong association between the three outcome indicators analyzed. The determinants of delayed initiation of breastfeeding included infants from Sumatera region (adjusted odds ratios (aOR) = 2.02, p < 0.001), infants delivered by Cesarean section (aOR = 2.78, p < 0.001), and in non-health facilities (aOR = 1.53, p = 0.003). The determinants of prelacteal feeding in the first 3 days included infants living in urban areas (aOR = 1.32, p = 0.035), the first birth-ranked infants (aOR = 1.32, p = 0.019), and infants who had delayed initiation of breastfeeding in the first hour of life (aOR = 3.90, p < 0.001). The determinants of non-exclusive breastfeeding in the last 24 h included infants whose mothers worked in non-agricultural fields (aOR = 1.52, p < 0.001), infants delivered by Cesarean section (aOR = 1.33, p = 0.044), and the first birth-ranked infants (aOR = 1.28, p = 0.039).ConclusionThere was a high percentage of infants aged 0-5 months who had suboptimal feeding practices in Indonesia. As we found multiple factors associated with suboptimal early feeding practices among infants, integrated approaches, including health promotion and supportive public policy, are required to ensure infants receive adequate nutrition in the early stages of life.

Dataset Information

Risk factors for early childhood infection of human herpesvirus-8 in Zambian children: the role of early childhood feeding practices.

Publications

Risk factors for early childhood infection of human herpesvirus-8 in Zambian children: the role of early childhood feeding practices.

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