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Ovarian reserve and subsequent assisted reproduction outcomes after methotrexate therapy for ectopic pregnancy or pregnancy of unknown location.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:To assess ovarian reserve after methotrexate treatment for ectopic pregnancy or pregnancy of unknown location after assisted reproductive technology (ART). DESIGN:Retrospective cohort study. SETTING:Large ART practice. PATIENT(S):Women receiving methotrexate or surgery after ART. INTERVENTION(S):None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S):Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), antral follicle count (AFC), and oocyte yield compared between women treated with methotrexate or surgery, with secondary outcomes of clinical pregnancy and live birth. RESULT(S):There were 153 patients in the methotrexate group and 36 patients in the surgery group. Neither group demonstrated differences in ovarian reserve or oocyte yield in a comparison of the before and after treatment values. The change in ovarian reserve and oocyte yield after treatment were similar between the two groups. The number of doses of methotrexate was not correlated with changes in ovarian reserve, indicating no dose-dependent effect. Time between treatment and repeat ART was not correlated with outcomes. Live birth in subsequent cycles was similar in the two groups. CONCLUSION(S):Ovarian reserve and subsequent ART cycle outcomes were reassuring after methotrexate or surgical management of ectopic pregnancy. No adverse impact of methotrexate was detected in this large fertility cohort as has been previously described elsewhere.

SUBMITTER: Hill MJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3946660 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Ovarian reserve and subsequent assisted reproduction outcomes after methotrexate therapy for ectopic pregnancy or pregnancy of unknown location.

Hill Micah J MJ Cooper Janelle C JC Levy Gary G Alford Connie C Richter Kevin S KS DeCherney Alan H AH Katz Charles L CL Levens Eric D ED Wolff Erin F EF

Fertility and sterility 20131120 2

<h4>Objective</h4>To assess ovarian reserve after methotrexate treatment for ectopic pregnancy or pregnancy of unknown location after assisted reproductive technology (ART).<h4>Design</h4>Retrospective cohort study.<h4>Setting</h4>Large ART practice.<h4>Patient(s)</h4>Women receiving methotrexate or surgery after ART.<h4>Intervention(s)</h4>None.<h4>Main outcome measure(s)</h4>Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), antral follicle count (AFC), and oocyte yield compared between women treated with me ...[more]

PMID: 24269042

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Project description:ObjectiveTo understand patient attitudes and preferences when faced with the uncertainty of pregnancy of unknown location (PUL).DesignQualitative, interview-based study.SettingUniversity Hosptial.PatientsPatients aged >18 years sampled from the emergency department and a subspecialty fertility practice of a university hospital system.InterventionsSix to 8 weeks after resolution of a PUL, with an ultimate clinical outcome of either an intrauterine pregnancy, spontaneous abortion, or ectopic pregnancy. Participants underwent either surgical, medical, or expectant management.Main outcome measuresThematic analysis of the virtual, semistructured interviews (45-60 minutes in length) conducted with participants to identify commonly expressed priorities was performed.ResultsInterviews were completed from October 2020 to March 2021 until thematic saturation was achieved (n = 15). Resolution diagnoses included intrauterine pregnancy (26.7%, n = 4), ectopic pregnancy (40.0%, (n = 6), and spontaneous abortion (33.3%, n = 5). Moreover, 66.7% (n = 10) of the patients presented to the emergency department, whereas 33.3% (n = 5) presented to a subspecialty fertility clinic. All had desired pregnancies. Thematic analyses revealed 4 related priorities around PUL management: health of pregnancy; health of self; future fertility; and diagnostic prediction and diagnostic certainty. The relative balance of these priorities was dynamic and evolved throughout the course of management with different outcomes. A second set of themes related to logistical preferences included mental health support, clarity of treatment and next steps, and continuity of care. Interrater reliability was validated with a pooled κ of >0.8. Limitations include that all participants had desired pregnancies, and the experiences of those who experienced different pregnancy outcomes may have been affected by recall bias.ConclusionsThese data demonstrate novel themes around related priorities in patients with desired pregnancies diagnosed with a PUL previously underappreciated by clinicians. The balance of these priorities evolved throughout management with increasing information and clarity. Continually reevaluating relevant patient priorities and preferences is essential to the comprehensive management of PUL.

Project description:ObjectiveTo compare the treatment success and failure rates, as well as side effects and surgery rates, between methotrexate protocols.Data sourcesPubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library searched up to July 2018.Study eligibility criteriaRandomized controlled trials that compared women with ectopic pregnancies receiving the single-dose, two-dose, or multi-dose methotrexate protocols.Study appraisal and synthesis methodsOdds of treatment success, treatment failure, side effects, and surgery for tubal rupture, as well as length of follow-up until treatment success, were compared using random and fixed effects meta-analysis. Sensitivity analyses compared treatment success in the groups with high human chorionic gonadatropin (hCG) values and a large adnexal mass, as defined by individual studies. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was used to assess risk of bias.ResultsThe 2-dose protocol was associated with higher treatment success compared to the single-dose protocol (odds ratio [OR], 1.84; 95% CI, 1.13, 3.00). The 2-dose protocol was more successful in women with high hCG (OR, 3.23; 95% CI, 1.53, 6.84) and in women with a large adnexal mass (OR, 2.93; 95% CI, 1.23, 6.9). The odds of surgery for tubal rupture were lower in the 2-dose protocol (OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.26, 1.63), but this was not statistically significant. The length of follow-up was 7.9 days shorter for the 2-dose protocol (95% CI, -12.2, -3.5). The odds of side effects were higher in the 2-dose protocol (OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.01, 2.30). Compared to the single-dose protocol, the multi-dose protocol was associated with a nonsignificant reduction in treatment failure (OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.28, 1.13) and a higher chance of side effects (OR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.24, 3.54). The odds of surgery for tubal rupture (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 0.41, 6.49) and time to follow-up (OR, -1.3; 95% CI, -5.4, 2.7) were similar.ConclusionThe 2-dose methotrexate protocol is superior to the single-dose protocol for the treatment of ectopic pregnancy in terms of treatment success and time to success. Importantly, these findings hold true in patients thought to be at a lower likelihood of responding to medical management, such as those with higher hCGs and a large adnexal mass.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Patients with ectopic pregnancy (EP) and low serum hCG concentrations and women with a pregnancy of unknown location (PUL) and plateauing serum hCG levels are commonly treated with systemic methotrexate (MTX). However, there is no evidence that treatment in these particular subgroups of women is necessary as many of these early EPs may resolve spontaneously. The aim of this study is whether expectant management in women with EP or PUL and with low but plateauing serum hCG concentrations is an alternative to MTX treatment in terms of treatment success, future pregnancy, health related quality of life and costs. METHODS/DESIGN:A multicentre randomised controlled trial in The Netherlands. Hemodynamically stable patients with an EP visible on transvaginal ultrasound and a plateauing serum hCG concentration < 1,500 IU/L or with a persisting PUL with plateauing serum hCG concentrations < 2,000 IU/L are eligible for the trial. Patients with a viable EP, signs of tubal rupture/abdominal bleeding, or a contra-indication for MTX will not be included. Expectant management is compared with systemic MTX in a single dose intramuscular regimen (1 mg/kg) in an outpatient setting. Serum hCG levels are monitored weekly; in case of inadequately declining, systemic MTX is installed or continued. In case of hemodynamic instability and/or signs of tubal rupture, surgery is performed. The primary outcome measure is an uneventful decline of serum hCG to an undetectable level by the initial intervention. Secondary outcomes are (re)interventions (additional systemic MTX injections and/or surgery), treatment complications, health related quality of life, financial costs, and future fertility. Analysis is performed according to the intention to treat principle. Quality of life is assessed by questionnaires before and at three time points after randomisation. Costs are expressed as direct costs with data on costs and used resources in the participating centres. Fertility is assessed by questionnaires after 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. Patients' preferences will be assessed using a discrete choice experiment. DISCUSSION:This trial will provide guidance on the present management dilemmas in women with EPs and PULs with low and plateauing serum hCG concentrations. TRIAL REGISTRATION:Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN 48210491.

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Ovarian reserve and subsequent assisted reproduction outcomes after methotrexate therapy for ectopic pregnancy or pregnancy of unknown location.

Publications

Ovarian reserve and subsequent assisted reproduction outcomes after methotrexate therapy for ectopic pregnancy or pregnancy of unknown location.

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