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Immune cell infiltration in malignant middle cerebral artery infarction: comparison with transient cerebral ischemia.


ABSTRACT: We tested whether significant leukocyte infiltration occurs in a mouse model of permanent cerebral ischemia. C57BL6/J male mice underwent either permanent (3 or 24?hours) or transient (1 or 2?hours+22- to 23-hour reperfusion) middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Using flow cytometry, we observed ?15,000 leukocytes (CD45(+high) cells) in the ischemic hemisphere as early as 3?hours after permanent MCAO (pMCAO), comprising ?40% lymphoid cells and ?60% myeloid cells. Neutrophils were the predominant cell type entering the brain, and were increased to ?5,000 as early as 3?hours after pMCAO. Several cell types (monocytes, macrophages, B lymphocytes, CD8(+) T lymphocytes, and natural killer cells) were also increased at 3?hours to levels sustained for 24?hours, whereas others (CD4(+) T cells, natural killer T cells, and dendritic cells) were unchanged at 3?hours, but were increased by 24?hours after pMCAO. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that leukocytes typically had entered and widely dispersed throughout the parenchyma of the infarct within 3?hours. Moreover, compared with pMCAO, there were ?50% fewer infiltrating leukocytes at 24?hours after transient MCAO (tMCAO), independent of infarct size. Microglial cell numbers were bilaterally increased in both models. These findings indicate that a profound infiltration of inflammatory cells occurs in the brain early after focal ischemia, especially without reperfusion.

SUBMITTER: Chu HX 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3948121 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Immune cell infiltration in malignant middle cerebral artery infarction: comparison with transient cerebral ischemia.

Chu Hannah X HX   Kim Hyun Ah HA   Lee Seyoung S   Moore Jeffrey P JP   Chan Christopher T CT   Vinh Antony A   Gelderblom Mathias M   Arumugam Thiruma V TV   Broughton Brad R S BR   Drummond Grant R GR   Sobey Christopher G CG  

Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 20131211 3


We tested whether significant leukocyte infiltration occurs in a mouse model of permanent cerebral ischemia. C57BL6/J male mice underwent either permanent (3 or 24 hours) or transient (1 or 2 hours+22- to 23-hour reperfusion) middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Using flow cytometry, we observed ∼15,000 leukocytes (CD45(+high) cells) in the ischemic hemisphere as early as 3 hours after permanent MCAO (pMCAO), comprising ∼40% lymphoid cells and ∼60% myeloid cells. Neutrophils were the predomi  ...[more]

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