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The crystal structure of TDP-43 RRM1-DNA complex reveals the specific recognition for UG- and TG-rich nucleic acids.

ABSTRACT: TDP-43 is an important pathological protein that aggregates in the diseased neuronal cells and is linked to various neurodegenerative disorders. In normal cells, TDP-43 is primarily an RNA-binding protein; however, how the dimeric TDP-43 binds RNA via its two RNA recognition motifs, RRM1 and RRM2, is not clear. Here we report the crystal structure of human TDP-43 RRM1 in complex with a single-stranded DNA showing that RRM1 binds the nucleic acid extensively not only by the conserved ?-sheet residues but also by the loop residues. Mutational and biochemical assays further reveal that both RRMs in TDP-43 dimers participate in binding of UG-rich RNA or TG-rich DNA with RRM1 playing a dominant role and RRM2 playing a supporting role. Moreover, RRM1 of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-linked mutant D169G binds DNA as efficiently as the wild type; nevertheless, it is more resistant to thermal denaturation, suggesting that the resistance to degradation is likely linked to TDP-43 proteinopathies. Taken together all the data, we suggest a model showing that the two RRMs in each protomer of TDP-43 homodimer work together in RNA binding and thus the dimeric TDP-43 recognizes long clusters of UG-rich RNA to achieve high affinity and specificity.

SUBMITTER: Kuo PH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3985631 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The crystal structure of TDP-43 RRM1-DNA complex reveals the specific recognition for UG- and TG-rich nucleic acids.

Kuo Pan-Hsien PH Chiang Chien-Hao CH Wang Yi-Ting YT Doudeva Lyudmila G LG Yuan Hanna S HS

Nucleic acids research 20140123 7

TDP-43 is an important pathological protein that aggregates in the diseased neuronal cells and is linked to various neurodegenerative disorders. In normal cells, TDP-43 is primarily an RNA-binding protein; however, how the dimeric TDP-43 binds RNA via its two RNA recognition motifs, RRM1 and RRM2, is not clear. Here we report the crystal structure of human TDP-43 RRM1 in complex with a single-stranded DNA showing that RRM1 binds the nucleic acid extensively not only by the conserved β-sheet resi ...[more]

PMID: 24464995

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Project description:Mutations in TDP-43 (an RNA binding protein) are known to cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Previously, our group and several other studies showed that TDP-43 binds to several RNA targets in the mammalian CNS. ALS causing mutations in the C-terminal region of TDP-43 that is involved in splicing regulation may lead to aberrant splicing of several RNA transcripts. The main aim of this study is to identify the effect of an ALS causing mutation on the splicing regulation of previously known targets of TDP-43. Mice overexpressing a mutant human TDP-43 (hTDP-43) gene were obtained from The Jackson Laboratory (strain name - B6;CB-Tg(Prnp-TARDBP*A315T) 95Balo/J; Stock no:010700). Mutant hTDP43 was expressed under the control of a prion protein promoter that drives the expression mainly in the mouse CNS and the male transgenic mice developed symptoms around 12 weeks of age while the female mice develop symptoms approximately 20 weeks of age. Therefore, Tg animals that are 50 days old were considered pre-symptomatic and 100 days old (Tg) animals were considered to be in the post-symptomatic stages of the disease for exon array experiments. Age and sex matched pre and post-symptomatic transgenic animals and their wild type littermates were euthanised by cervical dislocation and tissues (brain and spinal cord) were harvested immediately for total RNA isolation experiments (n=3 per group). 200 ng of total RNA from transgenic TDP-43 mice and wild type animals was converted to cDNA and then amplified using the Applause WT-Amp Plus ST kit (NuGEN). Amplified cDNA was then fragmented and biotin labeled using the Encore Biotin Module kit (NuGEN) according to the manufacturer's instruction manual. Labelled cDNA was then hybridised onto Affymetrix GeneChip Exon 1.0 ST arrays in a hybridisation oven at 45 degrees C for 20 hours at 60rpm. After hybridization, washing and staining of the arrays were carried out using Affymetrix fluidics station 450 followed by scanning using GeneChip scanner. GeneChip Command Console Software (AGCC) controlled both the fluidics station and the scanner. CEL files generated by AGCC were uploaded onto Partek software and the data analysis was carried out using the exon array analysis workflow. Exon 1.0 ST arrays contain many more probes, which are classified into three major types based on their source. They are Core, extended and full probe set annotation. Core annotation refers the probe sets that are the most reliable of the three and is derived based on evidences from Refseq and GenBank. Extended annotations refer to probe sets that are generated based on EST sequences, ENSEMBL gene collections and other databases including those used for generating core probe sets. The full annotation refers to probe sets that are purely based on computational predictions. Core probe set annotation, unlike the extended or full annotation excludes the speculative probes reducing the incidence of false positives and was employed for exon array analysis. Alt-splice Anova, a statistical tool available in Partek was used for identifying novel alternative splicing events.

Dataset Information

The crystal structure of TDP-43 RRM1-DNA complex reveals the specific recognition for UG- and TG-rich nucleic acids.

Publications

The crystal structure of TDP-43 RRM1-DNA complex reveals the specific recognition for UG- and TG-rich nucleic acids.

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