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Gene-environment interaction of body mass index and apolipoprotein E ?4 allele on cognitive decline.

ABSTRACT: Genetic variation alone may not account for common chronic disease susceptibility. Rather, an interaction between genetic and environmental factors may clarify the underlying disease mechanism. Hence, we tested whether body mass index (BMI) modified the genetic association of the apolipoprotein E ?4 allele with cognitive decline. The data came from a longitudinal population-based sample of 4055 participants interviewed at 3-year intervals from 1993 to 2012. Cognitive function was assessed using a standardized global cognitive score and BMI was assessed at baseline and classified as normal, overweight, and obese. There were 1374 (34%) participants with the ?4 allele. In normal BMI participants, cognitive decline was 0.048 units/y without the ?4 allele, and increased by an additional 0.031 units/y with the ?4 allele. In overweight participants, cognitive decline was 0.038 units/y without the ?4 allele, and increased by an additional 0.026 units/y with the ?4 allele. Finally, in obese participants, cognitive decline was 0.038 units/y without the ?4 allele, and increased by an additional 0.014 units/y with the ?4 allele. The association of ?4 allele with cognitive decline was significantly lower in obese participants compared with normal BMI participants (P=0.003), thereby suggesting significant gene-environment interaction on cognitive decline.

SUBMITTER: Rajan KB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4002654 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Apr-Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Gene-environment interaction of body mass index and apolipoprotein E ε4 allele on cognitive decline.

Rajan Kumar B KB Skarupski Kimberly A KA Rasmussen Heather E HE Evans Denis A DA

Alzheimer disease and associated disorders 20140401 2

Genetic variation alone may not account for common chronic disease susceptibility. Rather, an interaction between genetic and environmental factors may clarify the underlying disease mechanism. Hence, we tested whether body mass index (BMI) modified the genetic association of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele with cognitive decline. The data came from a longitudinal population-based sample of 4055 participants interviewed at 3-year intervals from 1993 to 2012. Cognitive function was assessed using ...[more]

PMID: 24145695

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Project description:ObjectiveThis study aims to explore whether body mass index (BMI) level affects the executive function and hippocampal subregion volume of subjective cognitive decline (SCD).Materials and methodsA total of 111 participants were included in the analysis, including SCD (38 of normal BMI, 27 of overweight and obesity) and normal cognitive control (NC) (29 of normal BMI, 17 of overweight and obesity). All subjects underwent the Chinese version of the Stroop Color-Word Test (SCWT) to measure the executive function and a high-resolution 3D T1 structural image acquisition. Two-way ANOVA was used to examine the differences in executive function and gray matter volume in hippocampal subregions under different BMI levels between the SCD and NC.ResultThe subdimensions of executive function in which different BMI levels interact with SCD and NC include inhibition control function [SCWT C-B reaction time(s): F (1,104) = 5.732, p = 0.018], and the hippocampal subregion volume of CA1 [F (1,99) = 8.607, p = 0.004], hippocampal tail [F (1,99) = 4.077, p = 0.046], and molecular layer [F (1,99) = 6.309, p = 0.014]. After correction by Bonferroni method, the population × BMI interaction only had a significant effect on the CA1 (p = 0.004). Further analysis found that the SCWT C-B reaction time of SCD was significantly longer than NC no matter whether it is at the normal BMI level [F (1,104) = 4.325, p = 0.040] or the high BMI level [F (1,104) = 21.530, p < 0.001], and the inhibitory control function of SCD was worse than that of NC. In the normal BMI group, gray matter volume in the hippocampal subregion (CA1) of SCD was significantly smaller than that of NC [F (1,99) = 4.938, p = 0.029]. For patients with SCD, the high BMI group had worse inhibitory control function [F (1,104) = 13.499, p < 0.001] and greater CA1 volume compared with the normal BMI group [F (1,99) = 7.619, p = 0.007].ConclusionThe BMI level is related to the inhibition control function and the gray matter volume of CA1 subregion in SCD. Overweight seems to increase the gray matter volume of CA1 in the elderly with SCD, but it is not enough to compensate for the damage to executive function caused by the disease. These data provide new insights into the relationship between BMI level and executive function of SCD from the perspective of imaging.

Dataset Information

Gene-environment interaction of body mass index and apolipoprotein E ?4 allele on cognitive decline.

Publications

Gene-environment interaction of body mass index and apolipoprotein E ε4 allele on cognitive decline.

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