Dataset Information

Urinary cytokine and chemokine profiles across the menstrual cycle in healthy reproductive-aged women.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:To assess the utility of urinary cytokines for monitoring reproductive function by considering detection, variation across the menstrual cycle, and relations with hormones. DESIGN:Longitudinal cohort study. SETTING:Academic institution. PATIENT(S):Healthy, reproductive-aged women with self-reported regular menstrual cycles and at least one observed ovulatory cycle (n = 248). INTERVENTION(S):None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S):Urinary cytokines measured by 30-plex immunoassays in 3,550 biospecimens, and nested random-effects analysis of variance (ANOVA) and marginal structural models used to evaluate variability and relations with hormones. RESULT(S):For 24 of 30 evaluated factors, detectable levels were observed in at least 50% of urine samples. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, IL-10, IL-15, granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), interferon-? (IFN-?), and RANTES (regulated upon activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted) levels varied significantly across the menstrual cycle. The proinflammatory factors IL-1?, IL-6, IL-8, and HGF were 1.5-3 times higher during menses than the late follicular phase. In marginal structural models, IL-1?, IL-6, IL-8 were associated with lower estradiol and progesterone concentrations. CONCLUSION(S):Variability during the menstrual cycle and correlations with reproductive hormone levels support a role of cytokines in the menstrual cycle; however, because of the limited variability for most cytokines considered, the utility of urine as a matrix for assessment of inflammation in menstrual cycle function appears limited for clinical purposes.

SUBMITTER: Whitcomb BW

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4008697 | biostudies-literature | 2014 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Urinary cytokine and chemokine profiles across the menstrual cycle in healthy reproductive-aged women.

Whitcomb Brian W BW Mumford Sunni L SL Perkins Neil J NJ Wactawski-Wende Jean J Bertone-Johnson Elizabeth R ER Lynch Kristine E KE Schisterman Enrique F EF

Fertility and sterility 20140226 5

<h4>Objective</h4>To assess the utility of urinary cytokines for monitoring reproductive function by considering detection, variation across the menstrual cycle, and relations with hormones.<h4>Design</h4>Longitudinal cohort study.<h4>Setting</h4>Academic institution.<h4>Patient(s)</h4>Healthy, reproductive-aged women with self-reported regular menstrual cycles and at least one observed ovulatory cycle (n = 248).<h4>Intervention(s)</h4>None.<h4>Main outcome measure(s)</h4>Urinary cytokines measu ...[more]

PMID: 24581581

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Project description:BACKGROUND: The vaginal microbial community plays a vital role in maintaining women's health. Understanding the precise bacterial composition is challenging because of the diverse and difficult-to-culture nature of many bacterial constituents, necessitating culture-independent methodology. During a natural menstrual cycle, physiological changes could have an impact on bacterial growth, colonization, and community structure. The objective of this study was to assess the stability of the vaginal microbiome of healthy Canadian women throughout a menstrual cycle by using cpn60-based microbiota analysis. Vaginal swabs from 27 naturally cycling reproductive-age women were collected weekly through a single menstrual cycle. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to amplify the universal target region of the cpn60 gene and generate amplicons representative of the microbial community. Amplicons were pyrosequenced, assembled into operational taxonomic units, and analyzed. Samples were also assayed for total 16S rRNA gene content and Gardnerella vaginalis by quantitative PCR and screened for the presence of Mollicutes by using family and genus-specific PCR. RESULTS: Overall, the vaginal microbiome of most women remained relatively stable throughout the menstrual cycle, with little variation in diversity and only modest fluctuations in species richness. Microbiomes between women were more different than were those collected consecutively from individual women. Clustering of microbial profiles revealed the expected groupings dominated by Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus iners, and Lactobacillus jensenii. Interestingly, two additional clusters were dominated by either Bifidobacterium breve or a heterogeneous mixture of nonlactobacilli. Direct G. vaginalis quantification correlated strongly with its pyrosequencing-read abundance, and Mollicutes, including Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma parvum, and Ureaplasma urealyticum, were detected in most samples. CONCLUSIONS: Our cpn60-based investigation of the vaginal microbiome demonstrated that in healthy women most vaginal microbiomes remained stable through their menstrual cycle. Of interest in these findings was the presence of Bifidobacteriales beyond just Gardnerella species. Bifidobacteriales are frequently underrepresented in 16S rRNA gene-based studies, and their detection by cpn60-based investigation suggests that their significance in the vaginal community may be underappreciated.

Project description:BackgroundThis study was undertaken to discover whether the vaginal microbe of women at childbearing age is different among groups defined by urogenital tract infections, childbearing history and menstrual cycle, respectively.ResultsThis was a multiple case-control study of women at childbearing age who were assigned to case or control groups according to their states of urogenital tract infections. The participants were also grouped by childbearing history and menstrual cycle. Vaginal swabs were collected and stored at - 70 °C until assayed. The V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA gene was amplified using PCR and sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq platform. We tested the hypothesis of whether the relative abundance of microbial species in vaginal microbiota was varied with urogenital tract infections, childbearing history and menstrual cycle. The vaginal microbial richness (Alpha diversity measured by PD_whole tree) was decreased in normal women (without reproductive tract infections) than in those with bacterial vaginosis (BV), and decreased in pregnant women than in other groups of non-pregnancy. Similarly, women from groups of normal and in pregnancy had lower beta diversity on measure of unweighted_unifrac distance in comparison to those of infected and non-pregnant. The top 10 genus relative abundance, especially Lactobacillus, which was the most dominant genus with the relative abundance of 71.55% among all samples, did not differ significantly between groups of childbearing history and menstrual cycle analyzed by ANOVA and nonparametric kruskal_wallis. Lactobacillus iners and Lactobacillus helveticus have the most abundance, totally account for 97.92% relative abundance of genus Lactobacillus. We also found that a higher L.helveticus/L.iners ratio is more likely to present in normal women than in the infected and in pregnant than in non-pregnant, although these comparisons lack statistical significance.ConclusionsThe relative abundance of dominant bacterial taxa in vaginal microbial communities of women at childbearing age were not different among groups of childbearing history and menstrual cycle. Women from groups of in pregnancy and without reproductive tract infections had lower alpha and beta diversity. The composition of the main lactobacillus species may shift upon phases of a menstrual cycle and the status of reproductive tract infections.

Dataset Information

Urinary cytokine and chemokine profiles across the menstrual cycle in healthy reproductive-aged women.

Publications

Urinary cytokine and chemokine profiles across the menstrual cycle in healthy reproductive-aged women.

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