Dataset Information

Changes in family income status and the development of overweight and obesity from 2 to 15 years: a longitudinal study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

An emerging body of research suggests the trajectory of a family's income affects children's health and development more profoundly than the often-measured income at a single time point. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between changes in family income status, early-life risk factors, and body mass index (BMI) z-score trajectory from age 2 to 15 years.

Methods

This longitudinal study employed a birth cohort (n?=?595) located in a rural region of New York State. Data were collected through an audit of medical records and mailed questionnaires. Family low-income and BMI z-score trajectories were identified using latent-class modeling techniques that group children based on similar trends across time. We examined five early-life risk factors in relation to income and BMI z-score trajectories: maternal overweight/obesity, maternal gestational weight gain, maternal smoking during pregnancy, breastfeeding duration, and early-life weight gain trajectory. We used multinomial logistic regression models to estimate the odds of being in a BMI z-score trajectory group based on income trajectory and early-life risk factors.

Results

Children who remain low-income throughout childhood were more likely to maintain overweight (AOR?=?2.55, 95% CI?=?1.03, 5.42) and children who moved into low-income during childhood were more likely to be obese (AOR?=?2.36, 95% CI?=?1.12, 5.93) compared to children who were never low-income. Maternal overweight/obesity was significantly associated with a child become obese (AOR?=?8.31, 95% CI?=?3.80, 18.20), become overweight (AOR?=?2.37, 95% CI?=?1.34, 4.22), and stay overweight (AOR?=?1.79, 95% CI?=?1.02, 3.14). Excessive gestational weight gain was associated with increased likelihood of a child becoming overweight trajectory (AOR?=?2.01, 95% CI?=?1.01, 4.00).

Conclusions

Our findings further supports the growing evidence that there are several preventable early-life risk factors that could be targeted for intervention. This study provides new evidence that remaining in low-income and moving into low-income increases risk for adolescent overweight and obesity.

SUBMITTER: Demment MM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4041137 | biostudies-literature | 2014 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Changes in family income status and the development of overweight and obesity from 2 to 15 years: a longitudinal study.

Demment Margaret M MM Haas Jere D JD Olson Christine M CM

BMC public health 20140501

<h4>Background</h4>An emerging body of research suggests the trajectory of a family's income affects children's health and development more profoundly than the often-measured income at a single time point. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between changes in family income status, early-life risk factors, and body mass index (BMI) z-score trajectory from age 2 to 15 years.<h4>Methods</h4>This longitudinal study employed a birth cohort (n = 595) located in a rural region of ...[more]

PMID: 24886200

Similar Datasets

Project description:BACKGROUND:Little is known about changes in overweight/obesity and central obesity status among schoolchildren from preadolescence to adolescence in Japan, where waist circumference (WC) is generally not measured in annual health examinations at elementary and junior high schools. This study examined changes of overweight/obesity and central obesity status among schoolboys and schoolgirls from preadolescence to adolescence in Japan. METHODS:Study subjects were fourth-grade school children (9 or 10?years of age) from all four of Ina town's elementary schools in Japan. Measurement of each participant's height, weight, and WC were made at baseline and 3?years later. Childhood overweight/obesity was determined according to the age- and sex-specific body mass index cut-off points proposed by the International Obesity Task Force. Central obesity was defined as waist-to-height ratio???0.5. Kappa (?) statistic was calculated to examine the tracking of overweight/obesity and central obesity. RESULTS:Data from 1436 participants (boys: n?=?720, girls: n?=?716) were analyzed. Overweight/obesity status tracked substantially from fourth grade to seventh grade in both boys (??=?0.614, P value <?0.001) and girls (??=?0.619, P value <?0.001). Among participants who were overweight/obese in fourth grade, 55.2% of boys and 63.2% of girls were still overweight/obese in seventh grade. Tracking of central obesity from fourth graders to seventh graders was substantial in boys (??=?0.651, P value <?0.001) and moderate in girls (??=?0.544, P value <?0.001). Among participants who had central obesity in fourth grade, 54.1% of boys and 52.6% of girls still had central obesity in seventh grade. CONCLUSIONS:The present study showed that the tracking of overweight/obesity from preadolescence to adolescence was substantial in boys and girls. Moreover, more than half of those who had central obesity in preadolescence had central obesity in adolescence. This study suggests that it is important to implement a primary prevention program for overweight/obesity and central obesity in elementary schools before fourth grade.

Project description:IntroductionSecondhand smoking (SHS) may be a risk factor for obesity in adolescence, but data on the association between SHS and obesity are scarce, especially from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the association between SHS and obesity among adolescents aged 12-15 years from 38 LMICs.MethodsCross-sectional data from 38 LMICs that participated in the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) were analyzed. Body mass index was calculated based on measured weight and height. The 2007 WHO Child Growth reference was used to define obesity. SHS was categorized as no exposure, non-daily exposure (ie, 1-6 days), and daily exposure (ie, 7 days) based on the number of days exposed to secondhand smoke in the past 7 days. Multivariable logistic regression and meta-analyses were conducted to assess the associations.ResultsThe analyzed sample consisted of 88 209 adolescents aged 12-15 years who never smoked. The overall prevalence of non-daily and daily SHS was 34.2% and 15.7%, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders, compared with no SHS, there was no significant association between non-daily SHS and obesity (odds ratio [OR] = 0.94; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.86-1.02), but adolescents who reported daily SHS were significantly more likely to have obesity (OR = 1.19; 95% CI = 1.06-1.34).ConclusionsThe prevalence of SHS was high among adolescents in LMICs, and daily SHS was associated with a significant increase in odds of obesity. Future studies with longitudinal designs are warranted to assess causality and whether prevention of SHS can reduce the risk of obesity in adolescence.ImplicationsIn the present large multi-country study on adolescents aged 12-15 years from LMICs, nearly half of the students were exposed to non-daily or daily secondhand smoke. Overall, while non-daily SHS was not significantly associated with obesity, adolescents who reported daily SHS had a significant 1.19 (95% CI = 1.06-1.34) times higher odds of obesity than those who reported no exposure to secondhand smoke. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first multi-country study on SHS and obesity from LMICs, and also the largest study on this topic to date.

Dataset Information

Changes in family income status and the development of overweight and obesity from 2 to 15 years: a longitudinal study.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Changes in family income status and the development of overweight and obesity from 2 to 15 years: a longitudinal study.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets