Dataset Information

2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl 6-thio-?-D-glucopyranoside as a selective tag for cysteines in proteins.

ABSTRACT: A synthetic route to a trifluoromethyl and thiol containing glucose derivative (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl 6-thio-?-D-glucopyranoside) is presented, which is based on microwave-assisted Fischer glycosylation under increased pressure. This water-soluble, neutral thiol-compound can be used to selectively introduce a fluorine probe for (19)F NMR spectroscopy on cysteines in proteins. It can be attached under mild conditions in an aqueous environment without the risk of denaturing the protein. This tag has been applied to determine the redox-state of two cysteine residues in a bacterial transcription activator. Qualitative information about the solvent accessibility can be obtained from F-19 solvent PREs.

SUBMITTER: Frohlich RF

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4067056 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl 6-thio-β-D-glucopyranoside as a selective tag for cysteines in proteins.

Fröhlich Richard F G RF Schrank Evelyne E Zangger Klaus K

Carbohydrate research 20120825

A synthetic route to a trifluoromethyl and thiol containing glucose derivative (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl 6-thio-β-D-glucopyranoside) is presented, which is based on microwave-assisted Fischer glycosylation under increased pressure. This water-soluble, neutral thiol-compound can be used to selectively introduce a fluorine probe for (19)F NMR spectroscopy on cysteines in proteins. It can be attached under mild conditions in an aqueous environment without the risk of denaturing the protein. This tag ha ...[more]

PMID: 23000216

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Project description:RAFT dispersion polymerization of 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFEMA) is performed in n-dodecane at 90 °C using a relatively short poly(stearyl methacrylate) (PSMA) precursor and 2-cyano-2-propyl dithiobenzoate (CPDB). The growing insoluble poly(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate) (PTFEMA) block results in the formation of PSMA-PTFEMA diblock copolymer nano-objects via polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA). GPC analysis indicated narrow molecular weight distributions (M w/M n ≤ 1.34) for all copolymers, with 19F NMR studies indicating high TFEMA conversions (≥95%) for all syntheses. A pseudo-phase diagram was constructed to enable reproducible targeting of pure spheres, worms, or vesicles by varying the target degree of polymerization of the PTFEMA block at 15-25% w/w solids. Nano-objects were characterized using dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and small-angle X-ray scattering. Importantly, the near-identical refractive indices for PTFEMA (1.418) and n-dodecane (1.421) enable the first example of highly transparent vesicles to be prepared. The turbidity of such dispersions was examined between 20 and 90 °C. The highest transmittance (97% at 600 nm) was observed for PSMA9-PTFEMA294 vesicles (237 ± 24 nm diameter; prepared at 25% w/w solids) in n-dodecane at 20 °C. Interestingly, targeting the same diblock composition in n-hexadecane produced a vesicle dispersion with minimal turbidity at a synthesis temperature of 90 °C. This solvent enabled in situ visible absorption spectra to be recorded during the synthesis of PSMA16-PTFEMA86 spheres at 15% w/w solids, which allowed the relatively weak n→π* band at 515 nm assigned to the dithiobenzoate chain-ends to be monitored. Unfortunately, the premature loss of this RAFT chain-end occurred during the RAFT dispersion polymerization of TFEMA at 90 °C, so meaningful kinetic data could not be obtained. Furthermore, the dithiobenzoate chain-ends exhibited a λmax shift of 8 nm relative to that of the dithiobenzoate-capped PSMA9 precursor. This solvatochromatic effect suggests that the problem of thermally labile dithiobenzoate chain-ends cannot be addressed by performing the TFEMA polymerization at lower temperatures.

Dataset Information

2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl 6-thio-?-D-glucopyranoside as a selective tag for cysteines in proteins.

Publications

2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl 6-thio-β-D-glucopyranoside as a selective tag for cysteines in proteins.

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