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Pooling prospective studies to investigate the etiology of second cancers.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:With over 13 million cancer survivors in the United States today, second cancers are of rapidly growing importance. However, data on nontreatment risk factors for second cancers are sparse. We explored the feasibility of pooling data from cohort studies of cancer incidence to investigate second cancer etiology. METHODS:We combined data from five prospective studies including more than 800,000 individuals. We compared study designs and populations; evaluated availability of and ability to harmonize risk factor data; compared incidence and survival for common first primary malignancies and incidence of second primary malignancies; and estimated sample size requirements. RESULTS:Overall, 96,513 incident, first primary malignancies were diagnosed during 1985 to 2009. Incidence rates and survival following the first primary varied among the cohorts, but most of the heterogeneity could be explained by characteristics of the study populations (age, sex, smoking, and screening rates). A total of 7,890 second primary cancers (excluding original primary site) were identified, yielding sufficient statistical power (?80%) for detecting modest associations with risk of all second cancers among survivors of common first primary malignancies (e.g., colorectal cancer); however, there were insufficient events for studying survivors of rarer cancers or identifying risk factors for specific second cancers. CONCLUSIONS:Pooling data from cohort studies to investigate nontreatment risk factors for second primary cancers seems feasible but there are important methodologic issues-some of which are barriers to specific research questions-that require special attention. IMPACT:Increased understanding of nontreatment risk factors for second cancers will provide valuable prevention and surveillance information.

SUBMITTER: Black A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4119533 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Pooling prospective studies to investigate the etiology of second cancers.

Black Amanda A Gibson Todd M TM Shiels Meredith S MS Park Yikyung Y Robien Kim K Albanes Demetrius D Weinstein Stephanie J SJ Freeman Laura E Beane LE Andreotti Gabriella G Purdue Mark P MP Fraumeni Joseph F JF Hartge Patricia P Tucker Margaret A MA Hoover Robert N RN Cerhan James R JR Zeleniuch-Jacquotte Anne A Curtis Rochelle E RE Elena Joanne J Sampson Joshua N JN Berrington de Gonzalez Amy A Morton Lindsay M LM

Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology 20140515 8

<h4>Background</h4>With over 13 million cancer survivors in the United States today, second cancers are of rapidly growing importance. However, data on nontreatment risk factors for second cancers are sparse. We explored the feasibility of pooling data from cohort studies of cancer incidence to investigate second cancer etiology.<h4>Methods</h4>We combined data from five prospective studies including more than 800,000 individuals. We compared study designs and populations; evaluated availability ...[more]

PMID: 24832874

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Pooling prospective studies to investigate the etiology of second cancers.

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Pooling prospective studies to investigate the etiology of second cancers.

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