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The prevalence and predictors of active brown adipose tissue in Chinese adults.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:Previous studies have shown that active brown adipose tissue (BAT) is present in adults and may play important roles in the regulation of energy homeostasis. However, nearly every study has been carried out in patients undergoing scanning for cancer surveillance (CS), whose metabolism and BAT activity may not reflect those of healthy individuals. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and predictors of active BAT in Chinese adults, particularly in healthy individuals. DESIGN:A total of 31,088 consecutive subjects aged ?18 years who had undergone positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scanning of BAT were evaluated in this study. METHODS:We measured BAT activity via (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT in subjects who had undergone scanning for either a routine medical checkup (MC) or CS in Shanghai. Then, we investigated the predictors of active BAT, particularly in healthy individuals. RESULTS:In both groups, the prevalence of BAT was higher in women than in men. Using a multivariate logistic analysis, we found age, sex, BMI, and high thyroid glucose uptake to be significant predictors of BAT activity in the MC group. Similarly, we found age, sex, and BMI to be significant predictors of BAT activity, but not thyroid high glucose uptake, in the CS group. CONCLUSIONS:In Chinese adults, BAT activity inversely correlates with BMI and thyroid high glucose uptake, which reinforces the central role of brown fat in adult metabolism and provides clues to a potential means for treating the metabolic syndrome.

SUBMITTER: Zhang Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4127998 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The prevalence and predictors of active brown adipose tissue in Chinese adults.

Zhang Zhaoyun Z Cypess Aaron M AM Miao Qing Q Ye Hongying H Liew Chong Wee CW Zhang Qiongyue Q Xue Ruidan R Zhang Shuo S Zuo Chuantao C Xu Zhensheng Z Tang Qiqun Q Hu Renming R Guan Yihui Y Li Yiming Y

European journal of endocrinology 20140204 3

<h4>Objective</h4>Previous studies have shown that active brown adipose tissue (BAT) is present in adults and may play important roles in the regulation of energy homeostasis. However, nearly every study has been carried out in patients undergoing scanning for cancer surveillance (CS), whose metabolism and BAT activity may not reflect those of healthy individuals. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and predictors of active BAT in Chinese adults, particularly in healthy ...[more]

PMID: 24288355

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Project description:IntroductionMeteorin-like (METRNL) is a hormonal factor released by several tissues, including thermogenically active brown and beige adipose tissues. It exerts multiple beneficial effects on metabolic and cardiovascular systems in experimental models. However, the potential role of METRNL as brown adipokine in humans has not been investigated previously, particularly in relation to the metabolic adaptations taking place in early life, when brown adipose tissue (BAT) is particularly abundant.Methods and materialsMETRNL levels, as well as body composition (DXA) and circulating endocrine-metabolic variables, were assessed longitudinally in a cohort of infants at birth, and at ages 4 and 12 months. BAT activity was measured by infrared thermography at age 12 months. METRNL levels were also determined cross-sectionally in adults; METRNL gene expression (qRT-PCR) was assessed in BAT and liver samples from neonates, and in adipose tissue and liver samples form adults. Simpson-Golabi-Behmel Syndrome (SGBS) adipose cells were thermogenically activated using cAMP, and METRNL gene expression and METRNL protein released were analysed.ResultsSerum METRNL levels were high at birth and declined across the first year of life albeit remaining higher than in adulthood. At age 4 and 12 months, METRNL levels correlated positively with circulating C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 14 (CXCL14), a chemokine released by thermogenically active BAT, but not with parameters of adiposity or metabolic status. METRNL levels also correlated positively with infrared thermography-estimated posterior-cervical BAT activity in girls aged 12 months. Gene expression analysis indicated high levels of METRNL mRNA in neonatal BAT. Thermogenic stimulus of brown/beige adipocytes led to a significant increase of METRNL gene expression and METRN protein release to the cell culture medium.ConclusionCirculating METRNL levels are high in the first year of life and correlate with indices of BAT activity and with levels of an established brown adipokine such as CXCL14. These data, in addition with the high expression of METRNL in neonatal BAT and in thermogenically-stimulated brown/beige adipocytes, suggest that METRNL is actively secreted by BAT and may be a circulating biomarker of BAT activity in early life.

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The prevalence and predictors of active brown adipose tissue in Chinese adults.

Publications

The prevalence and predictors of active brown adipose tissue in Chinese adults.

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