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Prevalence and Associated Factor of Brown Adipose Tissue: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

ABSTRACT: Background:Brown adipose tissue generates heat instead of storing energy. It is important in the regulation of body weight, and individual variation in adaptive thermogenesis can be attributed to variations in the amount or activity of BAT. Objective:The objective of this study was to systematically review different articles to assess the prevalence of BAT and its associated factors and relation with obesity and diabetes mellitus. Methods:A systematic review and meta-analysis were employed on published research works from different electronic databases using keywords. Cross-sectional studies and a few experimental studies were included for systematic review, and only studies done on human population were used for quantitative analysis. Twenty-two peer-reviewed papers were included in the systematic review, and eight papers were used for the meta-analysis for estimation of pooled prevalence of brown adipose tissue using selection criteria. Results:The pooled prevalence of brown adipose tissue among adults was 6.97% (95% CI: 6.51-7.43), and it was 7.4% (95% CI 6.51-7.43) after sequential omission of a single study. The heterogeneity in estimating the pooled prevalence among the studies was statistically significant (Cochran Q test, P < 0.001, I 2 = 71.2%), and after sequential omission of a single study, it becomes Cochran Q test, P = 0.065, I 2 = 49.4%. The brown adipose tissue activity was significantly lower in overweight or obese subjects than in lean subjects. Conclusion:The percentage of adult individuals with brown adipose tissue was high, and its activity was reduced in obese individuals. Although it is reduced in amount, still it presents in obese individuals. So, activation of the brown adipose tissue in adult and older individuals should be a target for the treatment of obesity.

SUBMITTER: Worku MG

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7317326 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Prevalence and Associated Factor of Brown Adipose Tissue: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Worku Misganaw Gebrie MG Seretew Wullo Sisay WS Angaw Dessie Abebaw DA Tesema Getayeneh Antehunegn GA

BioMed research international 20200616

<h4>Background</h4>Brown adipose tissue generates heat instead of storing energy. It is important in the regulation of body weight, and individual variation in adaptive thermogenesis can be attributed to variations in the amount or activity of BAT.<h4>Objective</h4>The objective of this study was to systematically review different articles to assess the prevalence of BAT and its associated factors and relation with obesity and diabetes mellitus.<h4>Methods</h4>A systematic review and meta-analys ...[more]

PMID: 32685543

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Project description:BackgroundAtherosclerosis is now widely recognized as a multifactorial disease with outcomes that arise from complex factors such as plaque components, blood flow, and inflammation. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a metabolically active fat depot, abundant in proinflammatory cytokines, and has been correlated with the extent and severity of carotid artery disease (CD). The locations most frequently affected by carotid atherosclerosis are the proximal internal carotid artery (ie, the origin) and the common carotid artery bifurcation. Progression of atheromatous plaque at the carotid bifurcation results in luminal narrowing, often accompanied by ulceration. However, there are no systematic analyses or well-conducted meta-analyses to evaluate the relationship between EAT and CD. The aim of this study is to examine this association of EAT with CD in different ages and sex.MethodsThis systematic review and meta-analysis will be conducted using published studies that will be identified from electronic databases (ie, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Studies that (1) examined the association between EAT and CD, (2) focus on cohort, case-control and cross-sectional studies, (3) will conducted among in adults aged 40 to 70 years, (4) provided sufficient data for calculating ORs or relative risk with a 95% CI, (5) will published as original articles written in English or other languages, and (6) have been published until January 2018 will be included. Study selection, data collection, quality assessment and statistical syntheses will be conducted based on discussions among investigators.ResultsWe propose the current protocol to evaluate the evaluation of EAT with ED.ConclusionThis systematic review will not need ethical approval, because it does not involve human beings. The results and findings of this study will be submitted and published in a scientific peer-reviewed journal.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was not required for this study because it was based on published studies. The results and findings of this study will be submitted and published in a scientific peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberPROSPERO (CRD42018083458).

Project description:IntroductionPolypharmacy is commonly associated with adverse health outcomes. There are currently no meta-analyses of the prevalence of polypharmacy or factors associated with polypharmacy. We aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of polypharmacy and factors associated with polypharmacy in a systematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched for studies with no restrictions on date. We included observational studies that reported on the prevalence of polypharmacy among individuals over age 19. Two reviewers extracted study characteristics including polypharmacy definitions, study design, setting, geography, and participant demographics. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scales. The main outcome was the prevalence of polypharmacy and factors associated with polypharmacy prevalence. The pooled prevalence estimates of polypharmacy with 95% confidence intervals were determined using random effects meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses were undertaken to evaluate factors associated with polypharmacy such as polypharmacy definitions, study setting, study design and geography. Meta-regression was conducted to assess the associations between polypharmacy prevalence and study year.Results106 full-text articles were identified. The pooled estimated prevalence of polypharmacy in the 54 studies reporting on polypharmacy in all medication classes was 37% (95% CI: 31-43%). Differences in polypharmacy prevalence were reported for studies using different numerical thresholds, study setting, and publication year. Sex, study geography, study design and geographical location were not associated with differences in polypharmacy prevalence.DiscussionOur review highlights that polypharmacy is common particularly among older adults and those in inpatient settings. Clinicians should be aware of populations who have an increased likelihood of experiencing polypharmacy and efforts should be made to review the appropriateness of prescribed medications and occurrence of adverse effects potentially associated with polypharmacy.Conclusions and implicationsClinicians should be aware of the common occurrence of polypharmacy and undertake efforts to minimize inappropriate polypharmacy whenever possible.

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Prevalence and Associated Factor of Brown Adipose Tissue: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

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Prevalence and Associated Factor of Brown Adipose Tissue: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

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