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Hypoxia-induced miR-210 modulates tissue response to acute peripheral ischemia.

ABSTRACT: AIMS: Peripheral artery disease is caused by the restriction or occlusion of arteries supplying the leg. Better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning tissue response to ischemia is urgently needed to improve therapeutic options. The aim of this study is to investigate hypoxia-induced miR-210 regulation and its role in a mouse model of hindlimb ischemia. RESULTS: miR-210 expression was induced by femoral artery dissection. To study the role of miR-210, its function was inhibited by the systemic administration of a miR-210 complementary locked nucleic acid (LNA)-oligonucleotide (anti-miR-210). In the ischemic skeletal muscle, anti-miR-210 caused a marked decrease of miR-210 compared with LNA-scramble control, while miR-210 target expression increased accordingly. Histological evaluation of acute tissue damage showed that miR-210 inhibition increased both apoptosis at 1 day and necrosis at 3 days. Capillary density decrease caused by ischemia was significantly more pronounced in anti-miR-210-treated mice; residual limb perfusion decreased accordingly. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underpinning the increased damage triggered by miR-210 blockade, we tested the impact of anti-miR-210 treatment on the transcriptome. Gene expression analysis highlighted the deregulation of mitochondrial function and redox balance. Accordingly, oxidative damage was more severe in the ischemic limb of anti-miR-210-treated mice and miR-210 inhibition increased oxidative metabolism. Further, oxidative-stress resistant p66(Shc)-null mice displayed decreased tissue damage following ischemia. INNOVATION: This study identifies miR-210 as a crucial element in the adaptive mechanisms to acute peripheral ischemia. CONCLUSIONS: The physiopathological significance of miR-210 is context dependent. In the ischemic skeletal muscle it seems to be cytoprotective, regulating oxidative metabolism and oxidative stress.

SUBMITTER: Zaccagnini G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4142832 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Hypoxia-induced miR-210 modulates tissue response to acute peripheral ischemia.

Zaccagnini Germana G Maimone Biagina B Di Stefano Valeria V Fasanaro Pasquale P Greco Simona S Perfetti Alessandra A Capogrossi Maurizio C MC Gaetano Carlo C Martelli Fabio F

Antioxidants & redox signaling 20131016 8

<h4>Aims</h4>Peripheral artery disease is caused by the restriction or occlusion of arteries supplying the leg. Better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning tissue response to ischemia is urgently needed to improve therapeutic options. The aim of this study is to investigate hypoxia-induced miR-210 regulation and its role in a mouse model of hindlimb ischemia.<h4>Results</h4>miR-210 expression was induced by femoral artery dissection. To study the role of miR-210, its function w ...[more]

PMID: 23931770

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Project description:Hypoxia-induced miR-210 is a crucial component of the tissue response to ischemia, stimulating angiogenesis and improving tissue regeneration. Previous analysis of miR-210 impact on the transcriptome in a mouse model of hindlimb ischemia showed that miR-210 regulated not only vascular regeneration functions, but also inflammation. To investigate this event, doxycycline-inducible miR-210 transgenic mice (Tg-210) and anti-miR-210 LNA-oligonucleotides were used. It was found that global miR-210 expression decreased inflammatory cells density and macrophages accumulation in the ischemic tissue. To dissect the underpinning cell mechanisms, Tg-210 mice were used in bone marrow (BM) transplantation experiments and chimeric mice underwent hindlimb ischemia. MiR-210 overexpression in the ischemic tissue was sufficient to increase capillary density and tissue repair, and to reduce inflammation in the presence of Wt-BM infiltrating cells. Conversely, when Tg-210-BM cells migrated in a Wt ischemic tissue, dysfunctional angiogenesis, inflammation, and impaired tissue repair, accompanied by fibrosis were observed. The fibrotic regions were positive for α-SMA, Vimentin, and Collagen V fibrotic markers and for phospho-Smad3, highlighting the activation of TGF-β1 pathway. Identification of Tg-210 cells by in situ hybridization showed that BM-derived cells contributed directly to fibrotic areas, where macrophages co-expressing fibrotic markers were observed. Cell cultures of Tg-210 BM-derived macrophages exhibited a pro-fibrotic phenotype and were enriched with myofibroblast-like cells, which expressed canonical fibrosis markers. Interestingly, inhibitors of TGF-β type-1-receptor completely abrogated this pro-fibrotic phenotype. In conclusion, a context-dependent regulation by miR-210 of the inflammatory response was identified. miR-210 expression in infiltrating macrophages is associated to improved angiogenesis and tissue repair when the ischemic recipient tissue also expresses high levels of miR-210. Conversely, when infiltrating an ischemic tissue with mismatched miR-210 levels, macrophages expressing high miR-210 levels display a pro-fibrotic phenotype, leading to impaired tissue repair, fibrosis, and dysfunctional angiogenesis.

Project description:Cardiac shock wave therapy (SWT) has been described as a novel therapeutic strategy that is able to alleviate myocardial ischemic injury. microRNA (miRNA/miR)?210 plays a cytoprotective role in cardiomyocytes in response to hypoxia by regulating cell apoptosis. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether cardiac SWT could protect cardiomyocytes from hypoxia?induced injury by regulating miR?210 expression. The murine adult cardiomyocyte cell line HL?1 was incubated for 5 h in hypoxic conditions, followed by reoxygenation for 12 h and treatment with SWT immediately following hypoxia in the present study. The cell viability was determined using an MTS assay. Western blot analyses were performed in order to detect cell signaling changes. Reactive oxygen species production was detected using dihydroethidium staining, and malondialdehyde levels were measured using the thiobarbituric acid method. miRNA and mRNA expression levels were confirmed via reverse transcription?quantitative PCR. Apoptosis was evaluated by means of flow cytometry. HL?1 cells were then transfected with miR?210 mimics or inhibitors in order to alter miR?210 expression levels, and the effects on HL?1 cells were determined. Hypoxia led to elevated oxidative stress, enhanced cell apoptosis and upregulated miR?210 expression levels in HL?1 cells, while SWT could alleviate hypoxia?induced cell injury and further promote miR?210 expression. miR?210 overexpression decreased apoptosis and oxidative stress during hypoxic stress in HL?1 cells, whereas inhibition of miR?210 increased cell apoptosis and promoted oxidative stress. Furthermore, miR?210 inhibition could reverse the effects of SWT on HL?1 cells. Finally, the mRNA analysis revealed that SWT significantly attenuated apoptosis?inducing factor mitochondrion?associated 3 and caspase 8 associated protein 2 mRNA expression levels in cardiomyocytes exposed to hypoxia, which were two targets of miR?210. SWT could exert cardioprotective effects against hypoxia?induced cardiac injury by modulating miR?210.

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Hypoxia-induced miR-210 modulates tissue response to acute peripheral ischemia.

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Hypoxia-induced miR-210 modulates tissue response to acute peripheral ischemia.

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