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Sleep duration and weight gain: reconsideration by panel data analysis.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Inconsistent findings in previous studies of the association between sleep duration and changes in body mass index (BMI) may be attributed to misclassification of sleep duration fluctuations over time and unmeasured confounders such as genetic factors. The aim of the present study was to overcome these failings by using repeated measurements and panel data analysis to examine the sleep-BMI association. METHODS:Panel data were derived by secondary use of the data from mandatory health checkups at a Japanese gas company. Male non-shift workers aged 19-39 years in 2007 were annually followed until 2010 (n = 1687, 6748 records). BMI was objectively measured, and sleep duration was self-reported. RESULTS:Compared with 7-hour sleepers, panel analysis with the population-averaged model showed a significant increase in BMI among 5-hour (0.11 kg/m(2), P = 0.001), 6-hour (0.07 kg/m(2), P = 0.038), and ?8-hour (0.19 kg/m(2), P = 0.009) sleepers. On the other hand, after adjustment for unobserved time-invariant confounders using the fixed-effects model, the magnitude of the association was considerably attenuated and no longer significant (5-hour, 0.07 kg/m(2), P = 0.168; 6-hour, 0.02 kg/m(2), P = 0.631; ?8-hour sleepers, 0.06 kg/m(2), P = 0.460). CONCLUSIONS:The longitudinal association between sleep duration and changes in BMI may be upwardly biased by unobserved time-invariant confounders rather than misclassified sleep duration. The net effect of sleep duration on weight gain may therefore be less than previously believed.

SUBMITTER: Nishiura C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4150012 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Sleep duration and weight gain: reconsideration by panel data analysis.

Nishiura Chihiro C Hashimoto Hideki H

Journal of epidemiology 20140802 5

<h4>Background</h4>Inconsistent findings in previous studies of the association between sleep duration and changes in body mass index (BMI) may be attributed to misclassification of sleep duration fluctuations over time and unmeasured confounders such as genetic factors. The aim of the present study was to overcome these failings by using repeated measurements and panel data analysis to examine the sleep-BMI association.<h4>Methods</h4>Panel data were derived by secondary use of the data from ma ...[more]

PMID: 25088695

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Project description:Background and objectiveThe high prevalence of obesity is a serious problem, and sleep is considered to be a factor for obesity. This study aimed to examine the relationship between sleep duration, sleep quality, and weight status among children and adolescents in China and to explore whether the relationship between sleep duration and weight status is independent of sleep quality. Sex and age differences were also explored.MethodsA cross-sectional research was conducted among 2019 children and adolescents (1029 boys and 990 girls) aged 8-16 years in Shanghai. An open-question was used to obtain data on sleep duration, which was categorized into the following four groups based on the age-specific National Sleep Foundation Sleep Duration Recommendations: 1) very short, 2) short, 3) recommended, and 4) long. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to assess sleep quality. Weight and height were measured for all participants. The variable weight status was estimated with the Chinese children and adolescent age- and sex-specific body mass index (BMI) and was categorized into overweight/obesity and normal weight.ResultsShort sleep duration (7-8 and 6-7 h for 6-13 and 14-16 years old, respectively) significantly increased odds of overweight/obesity (OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.06-1.64) compared with that of the recommended sleep duration (9-11 and 8-10 h for 6-13 and 14-16 years old, respectively). The relationship between the two variables existed independent of sleep quality. No significant relationship was found between sleep quality and overweight/obesity of children and adolescents. Sleep quality (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01-1.14) and short sleep duration (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.06-2.13) increased the risk for overweight/obesity among girls, whereas no significant relationships between sleep duration, sleep quality, and overweight/obesity were found among boys. Short sleep duration increased the risk of overweight/obesity in children aged 8-13 years (OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.05-1.71), independent of sleep quality, but no significant relationships between these two variables existed for adolescents aged 14-16 years.ConclusionsOverall, short sleep duration increased the risks of overweight/obesity in children and adolescents in China, independent of sleep quality. This relationship is significant for girls and children aged 8-13 years instead of boys and adolescents aged 14-16 years. Interventions to extend the sleep duration of children and adolescents, especially girls and children aged 8-13 years in China, are necessary to improve their weight status.

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Sleep duration and weight gain: reconsideration by panel data analysis.

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Sleep duration and weight gain: reconsideration by panel data analysis.

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