Dataset Information

Familial risk for alcohol dependence and developmental changes in BMI: the moderating influence of addiction and obesity genes.

ABSTRACT: Familial loading for alcohol dependence (AD) and variation in genes reported to be associated with AD or BMI were tested in a longitudinal study.Growth curve analyses of BMI data collected at approximately yearly intervals and obesity status (BMI > 30) were examined.High-risk males were found to have higher BMI than low-risk males, beginning at age 15 years (2.0 kg/m(2) difference; p = 0.046), persisting through age 19 years (3.3 kg/m(2) difference; p = 0.005). CHRM2 genotypic variance predicted longitudinal BMI and obesity status. Interactions with risk status and sex were also observed for DRD2 and FTO gene variation.Variation at loci implicated in addiction may be influential in determining susceptibility to increased BMI in childhood and adolescence.

SUBMITTER: Lichenstein SD

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4161958 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Familial risk for alcohol dependence and developmental changes in BMI: the moderating influence of addiction and obesity genes.

Lichenstein Sarah D SD Jones Bobby L BL O'Brien Jessica W JW Zezza Nicholas N Stiffler Scott S Holmes Brian B Hill Shirley Y SY

Pharmacogenomics 20140701 10

<h4>Aim</h4>Familial loading for alcohol dependence (AD) and variation in genes reported to be associated with AD or BMI were tested in a longitudinal study.<h4>Materials & methods</h4>Growth curve analyses of BMI data collected at approximately yearly intervals and obesity status (BMI > 30) were examined.<h4>Results</h4>High-risk males were found to have higher BMI than low-risk males, beginning at age 15 years (2.0 kg/m(2) difference; p = 0.046), persisting through age 19 years (3.3 kg/m(2) di ...[more]

PMID: 25155933

Similar Datasets

Project description:The increased susceptibility for developing alcohol dependence seen in offspring from families with alcohol dependence may be related to structural and functional differences in brain circuits that influence emotional processing. Early childhood environment, genetic variation in the serotonin transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) of the SLCA4 gene and allelic variation in the Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) gene have each been reported to be related to volumetric differences in the temporal lobe especially the amygdala. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to obtain amygdala volumes for 129 adolescent/young adult individuals who were either High-Risk (HR) offspring from families with multiple cases of alcohol dependence (N=71) or Low-Risk (LR) controls (N=58). Childhood family environment was measured prospectively using age-appropriate versions of the Family Environment Scale during a longitudinal follow-up study. The subjects were genotyped for Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Val66Met and the serotonin transporter polymorphism (5-HTTLPR). Two family environment scale scores (Cohesion and Conflict), genotypic variation, and their interaction were tested for their association with amygdala volumes. Personal and prenatal exposure to alcohol and drugs were considered in statistical analyses in order to more accurately determine the effects of familial risk group differences. Amygdala volume was reduced in offspring from families with multiple alcohol dependent members in comparison to offspring from control families. High-Risk offspring who were carriers of the S variant of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism had reduced amygdala volume in comparison to those with an LL genotype. Larger amygdala volume was associated with greater family cohesion but only in Low-Risk control offspring. Familial risk for alcohol dependence is an important predictor of amygdala volume even when removing cases with significant personal exposure and covarying for prenatal exposure effects. The present study provides new evidence that amygdala volume is modified by 5-HTTLPR variation in High-Risk families.

Project description:IntroductionAssociation between parent's Body Mass Index (BMI) and their children, has been widely documented. Individual, familiar and structural factors play a role in this relation. We analyzed the association between maternal BMI change during the first year post-partum and their offspring's growth-trajectories and energy intake in their first five years of life.ObjectiveCompare growth-trajectories and children's caloric intake according to post-partum mother´s BMI classification.MethodsThe anthropometric assessment was taken in 935 mother-child pairs along the study period. Mothers were classified into four groups according to their BMI-trajectories in the post-partum. Children's weight for height z-scores (WHZ) was compared among groups using random-effects regression models. A longitudinal comparison of children's caloric intake by the maternal group was carried out.ResultsAt 42 months of age, infants from mothers that remained overweight during the first year post-partum had, on average, 0.61 SD higher WHZ than those from mothers who remained in a recommended BMI group (R-BMI) in the same period. At 60 months of age, children´s prevalence of obesity was almost twice in the maternal overweight group vs R-BMI group (14.2% and 7.3% respectively). Chances for a child of having an over caloric intake were 36.5% (95% IC: 6.6%, 74.8%) and significantly higher among children from overweight mothers than those from R-BMI mothers. The difference in children's WHZ trajectory remained significant after adjusting for caloric intake, suggesting that contextual factors play a role in shaping children's obesity. A concurrent ethnographic study with the study subjects provides suggestions as to what these factors might be, including changes in the food landscape.ConclusionChildren from overweight mothers tended to have a more caloric diet yielding a higher propensity to obesity. Contextual factors such as food landscape might contribute to childhood obesity beyond having an overweight mother. Pregnancy and post-partum is a window of opportunity for interventions to decrease the incidence of children's overweight.

Dataset Information

Familial risk for alcohol dependence and developmental changes in BMI: the moderating influence of addiction and obesity genes.

Publications

Familial risk for alcohol dependence and developmental changes in BMI: the moderating influence of addiction and obesity genes.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets