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Virologic and serologic outcomes of mono versus dual HBV therapy and characterization of HIV/HBV coinfection in a US cohort.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES:To characterize HIV/hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection in the AIDS Clinical Trials Group Longitudinal Linked Randomized Trials cohort and compare long-term HBV outcomes between regimens with 1 (MONO) or 2 (DUAL) anti-HBV agents. DESIGN:A retrospective study of coinfected AIDS Clinical Trials Group Longitudinal Linked Randomized Trials subjects who received regimens containing anti-HBV agent(s). METHODS:Stored samples at baseline and weeks 16, 32, 48, 144, and 240 were tested for HBV DNA, HBV e antigen (HBeAg), HBV e antibody (HBeAb), and hepatitis D virus (HDV) antibody. Resistance and genotype were tested in samples with HBV DNA >600 IU/mL. MONO versus DUAL analyses were limited to HBV treatment-naive subjects (Naive-MONO, Naive-DUAL). RESULTS:Of 150 study subjects, median age was 40 years, 96% were male; 57% white, 26% black, 13% Hispanic. Baseline median CD4 was 224 cells per cubic millimeter, HIV RNA 4.48 log10 copies/mL, HBV DNA 6.30 log10 IU/mL; 59% HBeAg positive and 65% HBeAb negative; HBV genotypes A = 69%, G = 18%, D = 7%, <2% for A/G, B, C, F, H. Coinfection with HDV was 2%. There were 49 Naive-MONO (lamivudine) and 22 Naive-DUAL (11 lamivudine + tenofovir, 11 emtricitabine + tenofovir) with detectable HBV DNA. In the 240-week follow-up, HBV DNA suppression was not significantly higher in Naive-DUAL (P = 0.14); lower baseline HBV DNA (P < 0.01) was associated with suppression. Among 32 Naive-MONO subjects with detectable HBV DNA at baseline and results at week 48, 41% suppressed; among such 15 Naive-DUAL subjects, 53% suppressed. HBeAg and HBeAb analyses showed similar trends. CONCLUSIONS:While consistent trends toward increased HBV DNA suppression, HBeAg loss and HBeAb seroconversion were observed in Naive-DUAL compared with Naive-MONO, they were not statistically significant. Overall, HDV coinfection was low.

SUBMITTER: Kang M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4169110 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Virologic and serologic outcomes of mono versus dual HBV therapy and characterization of HIV/HBV coinfection in a US cohort.

Kang Minhee M Hollabaugh Kimberly K Pham Vinh V Koletar Susan L SL Wu Kunling K Smurzynski Marlene M Aberg Judith A JA

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) 20140601 2

<h4>Objectives</h4>To characterize HIV/hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection in the AIDS Clinical Trials Group Longitudinal Linked Randomized Trials cohort and compare long-term HBV outcomes between regimens with 1 (MONO) or 2 (DUAL) anti-HBV agents.<h4>Design</h4>A retrospective study of coinfected AIDS Clinical Trials Group Longitudinal Linked Randomized Trials subjects who received regimens containing anti-HBV agent(s).<h4>Methods</h4>Stored samples at baseline and weeks 16, 32, 48, 144, and 24 ...[more]

PMID: 24694927

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Project description:Abstract Background Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have recently been linked to hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). However, the impact of Neisseria gonorrhoeae on risk of HDP is not well understood. This study determined the impact of gonorrhea and gonorrhea coinfection on HDP and other adverse pregnancy outcomes in a population with a high screening rate and presumed treatment. Methods This retrospective study included 29 821 singleton births between 2016 and 2021. The STI testing results, demographic variables, and pregnancy outcomes were identified from electronic health records. The HDP were primary outcomes of interest including gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and superimposed preeclampsia. We further examined preeclampsia subtypes defined by severe features and gestational age of delivery (term and preterm preeclampsia). Secondary outcomes included preterm premature rupture of membranes, chorioamnionitis, and preterm delivery. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Models were adjusted for maternal age, maternal race/ethnicity, and smoking. Results Gonorrhea screening occurred in 95% of the population. Gonorrhea increased the odds of preterm preeclampsia (adjusted OR [ORadj.], 1.95; 95% CI, 1.02–3.73) and preterm birth (ORadj., 1.78; 95% CI, 1.22–2.60). Furthermore, gonorrhea-chlamydia coinfection was associated with preterm birth (ORadj., 1.77; 95% CI, 1.03–3.04). However, results were similar when we examined gonorrhea monoinfection (ORadj., 1.76; 95% CI, 1.04–2.97). Conclusions Among a diverse population of pregnant individuals, gonorrhea increased odds of preterm preeclampsia and preterm delivery Further research is needed to determine the burden of STIs on HDP, including investigations into biological effects during pregnancy. Prenatal Neisseria gonorrhoeae may increase the odds of preterm preeclampsia and preterm delivery. Even with screening and treatment, our study and the work of others show that gonorrhea may still negatively impact pregnancy health.

Dataset Information

Virologic and serologic outcomes of mono versus dual HBV therapy and characterization of HIV/HBV coinfection in a US cohort.

Publications

Virologic and serologic outcomes of mono versus dual HBV therapy and characterization of HIV/HBV coinfection in a US cohort.

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