Dataset Information

Pulmonary and cardiac function in asymptomatic obese subjects and changes following a structured weight reduction program: a prospective observational study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The prevalence of obesity is rising. Obesity can lead to cardiovascular and ventilatory complications through multiple mechanisms. Cardiac and pulmonary function in asymptomatic subjects and the effect of structured dietary programs on cardiac and pulmonary function is unclear.

Objective

To determine lung and cardiac function in asymptomatic obese adults and to evaluate whether weight loss positively affects functional parameters.

Methods

We prospectively evaluated bodyplethysmographic and echocardiographic data in asymptomatic subjects undergoing a structured one-year weight reduction program.

Results

74 subjects (32 male, 42 female; mean age 42±12 years) with an average BMI 42.5±7.9, body weight 123.7±24.9 kg were enrolled. Body weight correlated negatively with vital capacity (R?=?-0.42, p<0.001), FEV1 (R?=?-0.497, p<0.001) and positively with P 0.1 (R?=?0.32, p?=?0.02) and myocardial mass (R?=?0.419, p?=?0.002). After 4 months the study subjects had significantly reduced their body weight (-26.0±11.8 kg) and BMI (-8.9±3.8) associated with a significant improvement of lung function (absolute changes: vital capacity +5.5±7.5% pred., p<0.001; FEV1+9.8±8.3% pred., p<0.001, ITGV+16.4±16.0% pred., p<0.001, SR tot -17.4±41.5% pred., p<0.01). Moreover, P0.1/Pimax decreased to 47.7% (p<0.01) indicating a decreased respiratory load. The change of FEV1 correlated significantly with the change of body weight (R?=?-0.31, p?=?0.03). Echocardiography demonstrated reduced myocardial wall thickness (-0.08±0.2 cm, p?=?0.02) and improved left ventricular myocardial performance index (-0.16±0.35, p?=?0.02). Mitral annular plane systolic excursion (+0.14, p?=?0.03) and pulmonary outflow acceleration time (AT +26.65±41.3 ms, p?=?0.001) increased.

Conclusion

Even in asymptomatic individuals obesity is associated with abnormalities in pulmonary and cardiac function and increased myocardial mass. All the abnormalities can be reversed by a weight reduction program.

SUBMITTER: Held M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4169401 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Pulmonary and cardiac function in asymptomatic obese subjects and changes following a structured weight reduction program: a prospective observational study.

Held Matthias M Mittnacht Maria M Kolb Martin M Karl Sabine S Jany Berthold B

PloS one 20140918 9

<h4>Background</h4>The prevalence of obesity is rising. Obesity can lead to cardiovascular and ventilatory complications through multiple mechanisms. Cardiac and pulmonary function in asymptomatic subjects and the effect of structured dietary programs on cardiac and pulmonary function is unclear.<h4>Objective</h4>To determine lung and cardiac function in asymptomatic obese adults and to evaluate whether weight loss positively affects functional parameters.<h4>Methods</h4>We prospectively evaluat ...[more]

PMID: 25233078

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Project description:Background. Differential gene expression in adipose tissue during diet-induced weight loss followed by a weight stability period is not well characterized. Markers of these processes may provide a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Objective. To identify differentially expressed genes in human adipose tissue during weight loss and weight maintenance after weight loss. Design. RNA from subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue from nine obese subjects was obtained and analyzed at baseline, after weight reduction on a low calorie diet (LCD), and after a period of group therapy in order to maintain weight stability. Results. Subjects lost 18.8 + 5.4% of their body weight during the LCD and maintained this weight during group therapy. Insulin sensitivity (HOMA) improved after weight loss with no further improvement during weight maintenance. Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2B (CDKN2B) and JAZF zinc finger 1 (JAZF1), associated with type 2 diabetes, were downregulated. We could also confirm the downregulation of candidates for obesity and related traits, such as tenomodulin (TNMD) and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9), with weight loss. The expression of other candidates, such as cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector A (CIDEA) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) were upregulated during weight loss but returned to baseline levels during weight maintenance. Conclusion. Genes in the adipose tissue are differentially expressed during weight loss and weight maintenance after weight loss. Genes that show sustained regulation may be of potential interest as markers of the beneficial effects of weight loss whereas others seem to be primarily involved in the process of weight loss itself. Nine participants were prescribed a low calorie diet (LCD) containing 1200 kcal/day for approximately three months (101 ± 26 days). Following the weight reduction phase the participants attended a six month follow-up period (167 ± 37 days). By protocol design, subjects were eligible to enter the study if they had lost at least 10% of their initial body weight during the LCD-period and maintained this weight (+5%) after group therapy. Subcutaneous adipose tissue samples were obtained at three time-points: (i) at baseline, (ii) after weight reduction when subjects were no longer losing weight, and (iii) after the group therapy weight maintenance phase.

Dataset Information

Pulmonary and cardiac function in asymptomatic obese subjects and changes following a structured weight reduction program: a prospective observational study.

Background

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Pulmonary and cardiac function in asymptomatic obese subjects and changes following a structured weight reduction program: a prospective observational study.

Similar Datasets

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