Dataset Information

Inverse association between glycated albumin and insulin secretory function may explain higher levels of glycated albumin in subjects with longer duration of diabetes.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Glycated albumin (GA) has been increasingly used as a reliable index for short-term glycemic monitoring, and is inversely associated with ?-cell function. Because the pathophysiologic nature of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by progressive decline in insulin secretion, the aim was to determine whether GA levels were affected by diabetes duration in subjects with T2D.

Methods

To minimize the effect of glucose variability on GA, subjects with stably maintained HbA1c levels of <0.5% fluctuation across 6 months of measurements were included. Patients with newly diagnosed T2D (n?=?1059) and with duration>1 year (n?=?781) were recruited and categorized as New-T2D and Old-T2D, respectively. Biochemical, glycemic, and C-peptide parameters were measured.

Results

GA levels were significantly elevated in HbA1c-matched Old-T2D subjects compared to New-T2D subjects. Duration of diabetes was positively correlated with GA, whereas a negative relationship was found with C-peptide increment (?C-peptide). Among insulin secretory indices, dynamic parameters such as ?C-peptide were inversely related to GA (r?=?-0.42, p<0.001). Multiple linear regression analyses showed that duration of diabetes was associated with GA (standardized ? coefficient [STD?]?=?0.05, p<0.001), but not with HbA1c (STD??=?0.04, p<0.095). This association disappeared after additional adjustment with ?C-peptide (STD??=?0.02, p?=?0.372), suggesting that ?-cell function might be a linking factor of close relationship between duration of diabetes and GA values.

Conclusions

The present study showed that GA levels were significantly increased in subjects with longer duration T2D and with decreased insulin secretory function. Additional caution should be taken when interpreting GA values to assess glycemic control status in these individuals.

SUBMITTER: Lee YH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4181354 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Inverse association between glycated albumin and insulin secretory function may explain higher levels of glycated albumin in subjects with longer duration of diabetes.

Lee Yong-ho YH Kown Mi Hyang MH Kim Kwang Joon KJ Lee Eun Young EY Kim Daham D Lee Byung-Wan BW Kang Eun Seok ES Cha Bong Soo BS Lee Hyun Chul HC

PloS one 20140929 9

<h4>Background</h4>Glycated albumin (GA) has been increasingly used as a reliable index for short-term glycemic monitoring, and is inversely associated with β-cell function. Because the pathophysiologic nature of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by progressive decline in insulin secretion, the aim was to determine whether GA levels were affected by diabetes duration in subjects with T2D.<h4>Methods</h4>To minimize the effect of glucose variability on GA, subjects with stably maintained HbA ...[more]

PMID: 25265016

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Project description:Background: Advanced glycation endproducts elicit inflammation. However, their role in adipocyte macrophage infiltration and in the development of insulin resistance, especially in the absence of the deleterious biochemical pathways that coexist in diabetes mellitus, remains unknown. We investigated the effect of chronic administration of advanced glycated albumin (AGE-albumin) in healthy rats, associated or not with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment, on insulin sensitivity, adipose tissue transcriptome and macrophage infiltration and polarization. Methods: Male Wistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with control (C) or AGE-albumin alone, or, together with NAC in the drinking water. Biochemical parameters, lipid peroxidation, gene expression and protein contents were, respectively, determined by enzymatic techniques, reactive thiobarbituric acid substances, RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry or immunoblot. Carboxymethyllysine (CML) and pyrraline (PYR) were determined by LC/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and ELISA. Results: CML and PYR were higher in AGE-albumin as compared to C. Food consumption, body weight, systolic blood pressure, plasma lipids, glucose, hepatic and renal function, adipose tissue relative weight and adipocyte number were similar among groups. In AGE-treated animals, insulin resistance, adipose macrophage infiltration and Col12a1 mRNA were increased with no changes in M1 and M2 phenotypes as compared to C-albumin-treated rats. Total GLUT4 content was reduced by AGE-albumin as compared to C-albumin. NAC improved insulin sensitivity, reduced urine TBARS, adipose macrophage number and Itgam and Mrc mRNA and increased Slc2a4 and Ppara. CD11b, CD206, Ager, Ddost, Cd36, Nfkb1, Il6, Tnf, Adipoq, Retn, Arg, and Il12 expressions were similar among groups. Conclusions: AGE-albumin sensitizes adipose tissue to inflammation due to macrophage infiltration and reduces GLUT4, contributing to insulin resistance in healthy rats. NAC antagonizes AGE-albumin and prevents insulin resistance. Therefore, it may be a useful tool in the prevention of AGE action on insulin resistance and long-term complications of DM.

Project description:IntroductionRelative risks (RRs) for coronary heart disease (CHD) by cigarettes/day exhibit a concave pattern, implying the RR increase with each additional cigarette/day consumed decreases with greater intensity. Interpreting this pattern faces limitations, since cigarettes/day alone does not fully characterize smoking-related exposure. A more complete understanding of smoking and CHD risk requires a more comprehensive representation of smoking.MethodsUsing Poisson regression, we applied a RR model in pack-years and cigarettes/day to analyze two diverse cohorts, the US Agricultural Health Study, with 4396 CHD events and 1 425 976 person-years of follow-up, and the Finnish Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study, with 5979 CHD events and 486 643 person-years.ResultsIn both cohorts, the concave RR pattern with cigarettes/day was consistent with cigarettes/day modifying a linear RR association for CHD by pack-years within categories of cigarettes/day, indicating that strength of the pack-years association depended on cigarettes/day (p < .01). For example, at 50 pack-years (365 000 total cigarettes), estimated RRs of CHD were 2.1 for accrual at 20 cigarettes/day and 1.5 for accrual at 50 cigarettes/day.ConclusionsRRs for CHD increased with pack-years with smoking intensities affecting the strength of association. For equal pack-years, smoking fewer cigarettes/day for longer duration was more deleterious than smoking more cigarettes/day for shorter duration. We have now observed inverse smoking intensity effects in multiple cohorts with differing smoking patterns and other characteristics, suggesting a common underlying phenomenon.ImplicationsRisk of CHD increases with pack-years of smoking, but accrual intensity strongly influences the strength of the association, such that smoking fewer cigarettes/day for longer duration is more deleterious than smoking more cigarettes/day for shorter duration. This observation offers clues to better understanding biological mechanisms, and reinforces the importance of cessation rather than smoking less to reduce CHD risk.

Dataset Information

Inverse association between glycated albumin and insulin secretory function may explain higher levels of glycated albumin in subjects with longer duration of diabetes.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Inverse association between glycated albumin and insulin secretory function may explain higher levels of glycated albumin in subjects with longer duration of diabetes.

Similar Datasets

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