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Basement membrane and cell integrity of self-tissues in maintaining Drosophila immunological tolerance.

ABSTRACT: The mechanism underlying immune system recognition of different types of pathogens has been extensively studied over the past few decades; however, the mechanism by which healthy self-tissue evades an attack by its own immune system is less well-understood. Here, we established an autoimmune model of melanotic mass formation in Drosophila by genetically disrupting the basement membrane. We found that the basement membrane endows otherwise susceptible target tissues with self-tolerance that prevents autoimmunity, and further demonstrated that laminin is a key component for both structural maintenance and the self-tolerance checkpoint function of the basement membrane. Moreover, we found that cell integrity, as determined by cell-cell interaction and apicobasal polarity, functions as a second discrete checkpoint. Target tissues became vulnerable to blood cell encapsulation and subsequent melanization only after loss of both the basement membrane and cell integrity.

SUBMITTER: Kim MJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4199487 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Basement membrane and cell integrity of self-tissues in maintaining Drosophila immunological tolerance.

Kim Moon Jong MJ Choe Kwang-Min KM

PLoS genetics 20141016 10

The mechanism underlying immune system recognition of different types of pathogens has been extensively studied over the past few decades; however, the mechanism by which healthy self-tissue evades an attack by its own immune system is less well-understood. Here, we established an autoimmune model of melanotic mass formation in Drosophila by genetically disrupting the basement membrane. We found that the basement membrane endows otherwise susceptible target tissues with self-tolerance that preve ...[more]

PMID: 25329560

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