Beneficial effect of oral tigecycline treatment on Clostridium difficile infection in gnotobiotic piglets.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Kim HB
PROVIDER: S-EPMC4249528 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Dec
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Beneficial effect of oral tigecycline treatment on Clostridium difficile infection in gnotobiotic piglets.
Kim Hyeun Bum HB Zhang Quanshun Q Sun Xingmin X Beamer Gillian G Wang Yuankai Y Tzipori Saul S
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 20140929 12
The efficacy of oral tigecycline treatment (2 mg/kg of body weight for 7 days) of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) was evaluated in the gnotobiotic pig model, and its effect on human gut microflora transplanted into the gnotobiotic pig was determined. Tigecycline oral treatment improved survival, clinical signs, and lesion severity and markedly decreased concentrations of Firmicutes but did not promote CDI. Our data showed that oral tigecycline treatment has a potential beneficial effect on ...[more]
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Project description:IntroductionClostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a common cause of nosocomial diarrhea. Metronidazole and vancomycin are the primary treatment options for CDI, but increasing rates of antimicrobial resistance and severe, refractory disease have prompted the need for alternative agents. Tigecycline has previously demonstrated favorable in vitro activity against C. difficile isolates, but clinical data on its use in the treatment of CDI are severely lacking. The objective of this study was to describe our experience using tigecycline in the treatment of severe and severe complicated CDI.MethodsThis was a retrospective case series of hospitalized patients with severe and severe complicated CDI who were treated with tigecycline. Disease severity assessments were determined according to current practice guidelines. Diagnosis of toxigenic CDI was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and patients were excluded if they received tigecycline for <48 h. Data were collected by review of the electronic medical record. The primary outcome was clinical cure. Secondary outcomes were sustained response, hospital mortality, and 28-day all-cause mortality.ResultsA total of 7 cases of severe and complicated CDI were reviewed. Intravenous tigecycline administered as a 100-mg loading dose followed by 50 mg twice daily resulted in clinical cure in 85.7% (n = 6/7) of cases. The majority of patients (n = 4/5) were treated with the novel triple therapy combination of tigecycline, vancomycin, and metronidazole and resulted in clinical cure in 80% (n = 4/5) cases. Sustained response at 28 days was 100% among evaluable cases (n = 5/5). Hospital mortality did not occur in any patients, and 28-day all-cause mortality was 28.6% (n = 2/7).ConclusionTigecycline appears to be a reasonable addition to the therapeutic regimen in the treatment of severe or complicated CDI, including cases that are refractory to standard therapy. A prospective clinical trial confirming these observational findings is warranted.
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