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Diversity in the preimmune immunoglobulin repertoire of SHR lines susceptible and resistant to end-organ injury.

ABSTRACT: We used next-generation sequencing to identify immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) genetic variation in two closely related hypertensive rat lines that differ in susceptibility to end-organ disease (SHR-A3 and SHR-B2). The two SHR lines differ extensively at the IGH locus from the rat reference genome sequence and from each other, creating 306 sequence unique IGH genes. Compared with IGH genes mapped in the rat reference genome sequence, 98 are null gene alleles (31 are null in both SHR lines, 45 are null in SHR-A3 only and 23 are null in SHR-B2 only). Of the 306 divergent gene sequences, 126 result in amino acid substitution and, among these, SHR-A3 and SHR-B2 differ from one another at the amino acid level in 96 segments. Twelve pseudogenes in the rat reference genome sequence had changes displacing the stop codon and creating probable functional genes in either or both SHR-A3 and SHR-B2. A further five alleles that encoded functional rat reference genome sequence genes or open reading frames were converted to pseudogenes in either or both SHR-A3 and SHR-B2. These studies reveal that the preimmune immunoglobulin repertoire is highly divergent among SHR lines differing in end-organ injury susceptibility and this may modify immune mechanisms in hypertensive renal injury.

SUBMITTER: Gonzalez-Garay ML

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4257902 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Diversity in the preimmune immunoglobulin repertoire of SHR lines susceptible and resistant to end-organ injury.

Gonzalez-Garay M L ML Cranford S M SM Braun M C MC Doris P A PA

Genes and immunity 20140724 8

We used next-generation sequencing to identify immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) genetic variation in two closely related hypertensive rat lines that differ in susceptibility to end-organ disease (SHR-A3 and SHR-B2). The two SHR lines differ extensively at the IGH locus from the rat reference genome sequence and from each other, creating 306 sequence unique IGH genes. Compared with IGH genes mapped in the rat reference genome sequence, 98 are null gene alleles (31 are null in both SHR lines, 45 a ...[more]

PMID: 25056448

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Project description:Blackleg, a fungal disease caused by Leptosphaeria maculans, is one of the most devastating diseases of Brassica crops worldwide. Despite notable progress elucidating the roles of glucosinolates in pathogen defense, the complex interaction between B. oleracea (cabbage) and L. maculans infection that leads to the selective induction of genes involved in glucosinolate production and subsequent modulation of glucosinolate profiles remains to be fully understood. The current study was designed to identify glucosinolate-biosynthesis genes induced by L. maculans and any associated alterations in glucosinolate profiles to explore their roles in blackleg resistance in 3-month-old cabbage plants. The defense responses of four cabbage lines, two resistant and two susceptible, were investigated using two L. maculans isolates, 03-02 s and 00-100 s. A simultaneous increase in the aliphatic glucosinolates glucoiberverin (GIV) and glucoerucin (GER) and the indolic glucosinolates glucobrassicin (GBS) and neoglucobrassicin (NGBS) was associated with complete resistance. An increase in either aliphatic (GIV) or indolic (GBS and MGBS) glucosinolates was associated with moderate resistance. Indolic glucobrassicin (GBS) and neoglucobrassicin (NGBS) were increased in both resistant and susceptible interactions. Pearson correlation showed positive association between GER content with GSL-OH (Bol033373) expression. Expressions of MYB34 (Bol007760), ST5a (Bol026200), and CYP81F2 (Bol026044) were positively correlated with the contents of both GBS and MGBS. Our results confirm that L. maculans infection induces glucosinolate-biosynthesis genes in cabbage, with concomitant changes in individual glucosinolate contents. In resistant lines, both aliphatic and indolic glucosinolates are associated with resistance, with aliphatic GIV and GER and indolic MGBS glucosinolates particularly important. The association between the genes, the corresponding glucosinolates, and plant resistance broaden our molecular understanding of glucosinolate mediated defense against L. maculans in cabbage.

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Diversity in the preimmune immunoglobulin repertoire of SHR lines susceptible and resistant to end-organ injury.

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Diversity in the preimmune immunoglobulin repertoire of SHR lines susceptible and resistant to end-organ injury.

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