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Inhibition of transforming growth factor beta/SMAD signal by MiR-155 is involved in arsenic trioxide-induced anti-angiogenesis in prostate cancer.

ABSTRACT: Prostate cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths in men. Current practices for treatment of prostate cancer are less than satisfactory because of metastasis and recurrence, which are primarily attributed to angiogenesis. Hence, anti-angiogenesis treatment is becoming a promising new approach for prostate cancer therapy. In addition to treating acute promyelocytic leukemia, arsenic trioxide (As2 O3 ) suppresses other solid tumors, including prostate cancer. However, the effects of As2 O3 on angiogenesis in prostate cancer cells, and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, As2 O3 attenuated angiogenic ability through microRNA-155 (miR-155)-mediated inhibition of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)/SMAD signal pathway in human prostate cancer PC-3 and LNCaP cells in vitro and in vivo. Briefly, As2 O3 inhibited the activations/expressions of both TGFβ-induced and endogenous SMAD2/3. Furthermore, As2 O3 improved the expression of miR-155 via DNA-demethylation. MiR-155, which targeted the SMAD2-3'UTR, decreased the expression and function of SMAD2. Knockdown of miR-155 abolished the As2 O3 -induced inhibitions of the TGF-β/SMAD2 signaling, the vascular endothelial growth factor secretion and angiogenesis. Through understanding a novel mechanism whereby As2 O3 inhibits angiogenic potential of prostate cancer cells, our study would help in the development of As2 O3 as a potential chemopreventive agent when used alone or in combination with other current anticancer drugs.

SUBMITTER: Ji H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4317958 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BackgroundThe differentiation of stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) into odontoblasts determines the regeneration of dentin-pulp complex. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNA (miRNA) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), participate in many multiple biological processes, but the specific miRNAs involved in odontogenesis are incompletely defined. It was confirmed that lncRNA IGFBP7-AS1 could positively regulate odontogenetic differentiation in SHEDs. To investigate the downstream mechanisms of this process, miR-335-3p and miR-155-5p were found to be closely related with SHED odontogenic differentiation through whole-genome sequencing. The aim of the current study was to determine the role of miR-335-3p/miR-155-5p in IGFBP7-AS1-enhanced SHED differentiation and explore the potential mechanism of IGFBP7-AS1-mediated odontogenesis.MethodsPutative miR-335-3p/miR-155-5p binding sites within IGFBP7-AS1 were identified by bioinformatics analysis, and the binding of miR-335-3p/miR-155-5p to these sites was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter gene assays. The effects of miR-335-3p/miR-155-5p in odontogenesis were detected by tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase staining, Alizarin red staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analyses, and western blot testing. The molecular mechanisms of miR-335-3p/miR-155-5p involved in IGFBP7-AS1-mediated odontogenesis were analysed by qRT-PCR and western blot testing.ResultsDual-luciferase reporter gene assays showed that miR-335-3p/miR-155-5p could directly bind to IGFBP7-AS1. MiR-335-3p and miR-155-5p both could down-regulate dentin sialophosphoprotein expression, and both miRNAs could inhibit IGFBP7-AS1-mediated SHED odontogenetic differentiation via suppression of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway.ConclusionsBoth miR-335-3p and miR-155-5p were negative regulators to IGFBP7-AS1-enhanced odontogenic differentiation of SHED through suppression of the ERK pathway.

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Inhibition of transforming growth factor beta/SMAD signal by MiR-155 is involved in arsenic trioxide-induced anti-angiogenesis in prostate cancer.

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