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Fitness profiling links topoisomerase II regulation of centromeric integrity to doxorubicin resistance in fission yeast.

ABSTRACT: Doxorubicin, a chemotherapeutic agent, inhibits the religation step of topoisomerase II (Top2). However, the downstream ramifications of this action are unknown. Here we performed epistasis analyses of top2 with 63 genes representing doxorubicin resistance (DXR) genes in fission yeast and revealed a subset that synergistically collaborate with Top2 to confer DXR. Our findings show that the chromatin-regulating RSC and SAGA complexes act with Top2 in a cluster that is functionally distinct from the Ino80 complex. In various DXR mutants, doxorubicin hypersensitivity was unexpectedly suppressed by a concomitant top2 mutation. Several DXR proteins showed centromeric localization, and their disruption resulted in centromeric defects and chromosome missegregation. An additional top2 mutation could restore centromeric chromatin integrity, suggesting a counterbalance between Top2 and these DXR factors in conferring doxorubicin resistance. Overall, this molecular basis for mitotic catastrophe associated with doxorubicin treatment will help to facilitate drug combinatorial usage in doxorubicin-related chemotherapeutic regimens.

SUBMITTER: Nguyen TT

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4323662 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Fitness profiling links topoisomerase II regulation of centromeric integrity to doxorubicin resistance in fission yeast.

Nguyen Thi Thuy Trang TT Lim Julia Sze Lynn JS Tang Richard Ming Yi RM Zhang Louxin L Chen Ee Sin ES

Scientific reports 20150211

Doxorubicin, a chemotherapeutic agent, inhibits the religation step of topoisomerase II (Top2). However, the downstream ramifications of this action are unknown. Here we performed epistasis analyses of top2 with 63 genes representing doxorubicin resistance (DXR) genes in fission yeast and revealed a subset that synergistically collaborate with Top2 to confer DXR. Our findings show that the chromatin-regulating RSC and SAGA complexes act with Top2 in a cluster that is functionally distinct from t ...[more]

PMID: 25669599

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Project description:Centromeres are specialized chromatin regions marked by the presence of nucleosomes containing the centromere-specific histone H3 variant CENP-A, which is essential for chromosome segregation. Assembly and disassembly of nucleosomes is intimately linked to DNA topology and DNA topoisomerases have previously been implicated in the dynamics of canonical H3 nucleosomes. Here we show that Schizosaccharomyces pombe Top3 and its partner Rqh1 are involved in controlling the levels of CENP-ACnp1 at centromeres. Both top3 and rqh1 mutants display defects in chromosome segregation. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation and tiling microarrays we show that Top3 unlike Top1 and Top2 is highly enriched at centromeric central domains, demonstrating that Top3 is the major topoisomerase in this region. Moreover, centromeric Top3 occupancy positively correlates with CENP-ACnp1 occupancy. Intriguingly, both top3 and rqh1 mutants display increased relative enrichment of CENP-ACnp1 at centromeric central domains. Thus, Top3 and Rqh1 normally limit the levels of CENP-ACnp1 in this region. This new role is independent of the established function of Top3 and Rqh1 in homologous recombination downstream of Rad51. Therefore, we hypothesize that the Top3-Rqh1 complex has an important role in controlling centromere DNA topology which in turn affects the dynamics of CENP-ACnp1 nucleosomes. For transcription: Total RNA from top3-105 mutant and WT control cells after 8 hours at 36C in biological duplicates. For Top3-myc chromatin immunoprecipitation: DNA immunoprecipitated with mouse anti-Myc using chromatin extracts from cells expressing Top3-Myc from the endogenous locus at 30C in biological duplicates normalized to input DNA from wild type cells at 30C in biological duplicates. For CENP-A/Cnp1 chromatin immunoprecipitation: DNA immunoprecipitated with anti-Cnp1 serum using chromatin extracts from top3-105 mutant and wild type control cells after 8 hours at 36C in in biological duplicates normalized to input DNA from each strain.

Dataset Information

Fitness profiling links topoisomerase II regulation of centromeric integrity to doxorubicin resistance in fission yeast.

Publications

Fitness profiling links topoisomerase II regulation of centromeric integrity to doxorubicin resistance in fission yeast.

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