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Differential expression of proteins in naive and IL-2 stimulated primary human NK cells identified by global proteomic analysis.

ABSTRACT: Natural killer (NK) cells efficiently cytolyse tumors and virally infected cells. Despite the important role that interleukin (IL)-2 plays in stimulating the proliferation of NK cells and increasing NK cell activity, little is known about the alterations in the global NK cell proteome following IL-2 activation. To compare the proteomes of naïve and IL-2-activated primary NK cells and identify key cellular pathways involved in IL-2 signaling, we isolated proteins from naïve and IL-2-activated NK cells from healthy donors, the proteins were trypsinized and the resulting peptides were analyzed by 2D LC ESI-MS/MS followed by label-free quantification. In total, more than 2000 proteins were identified from naïve and IL-2-activated NK cells where 383 proteins were found to be differentially expressed following IL-2 activation. Functional annotation of IL-2 regulated proteins revealed potential targets for future investigation of IL-2 signaling in human primary NK cells. A pathway analysis was performed and revealed several pathways that were not previously known to be involved in IL-2 response, including ubiquitin proteasome pathway, integrin signaling pathway, platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) signaling pathway, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway and Wnt signaling pathway.The development and functional activity of natural killer (NK) cells is regulated by interleukin (IL)-2 which stimulates the proliferation of NK cells and increases NK cell activity. With the development of IL-2-based immunotherapeutic strategies that rely on the IL-2-mediated activation of NK cells to target human cancers, it is important to understand the global molecular events triggered by IL-2 in human NK cells. The differentially expressed proteins in human primary NK cells following IL-2 activation identified in this study confirmed the activation of JAK-STAT signaling pathway and cell proliferation by IL-2 as expected, but also led to the discovery and identification of other factors that are potentially important in IL-2 signaling. These new factors warrant further investigation on their potential roles in modulating NK cell biology. The results from this study suggest that the activation of NK cells by IL-2 is a dynamic process through which proteins with various functions are regulated. Such findings will be important for the elucidation of molecular pathways involved in IL-2 signaling in NK cells and provide new targets for future studies in NK cell biology.

SUBMITTER: Ma D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4326111 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Differential expression of proteins in naïve and IL-2 stimulated primary human NK cells identified by global proteomic analysis.

Ma Di D Cao Weifeng W Kapur Arvinder A Felder Mildred M Scarlett Cameron O CO Patankar Manish S MS Li Lingjun L

Journal of proteomics 20130625

Natural killer (NK) cells efficiently cytolyse tumors and virally infected cells. Despite the important role that interleukin (IL)-2 plays in stimulating the proliferation of NK cells and increasing NK cell activity, little is known about the alterations in the global NK cell proteome following IL-2 activation. To compare the proteomes of naïve and IL-2-activated primary NK cells and identify key cellular pathways involved in IL-2 signaling, we isolated proteins from naïve and IL-2-activated NK ...[more]

PMID: 23806757

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Project description:BackgroundSaccharopolyspora spinosa is an important producer of antibiotic spinosad with clarified biosynthesis pathway but its complex regulation networks associated with primary metabolism and secondary metabolites production almost have never been concerned or studied before. The proteomic analysis of a novel Saccharopolyspora spinosa CCTCC M206084 was performed and aimed to provide a global profile of regulatory proteins.ResultsTwo-dimensional-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) identified 1090, 1166, 701, and 509 proteins from four phases respectively, i.e., the logarithmic growth phase (T1), early stationary phase (T2), late stationary phase (T3), and decline phase (T4). Among the identified proteins, 1579 were unique to the S. spinosa proteome, including almost all the enzymes for spinosad biosynthesis. Trends in protein expression over the various time phases were deduced from using the modified protein abundance index (PAI), revealed the importance of stress pathway proteins and other global regulatory network proteins during spinosad biosynthesis. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis followed by one-dimensional LC-MS/MS identification revealed similar trend of protein expression from four phases with the results of semi-quantification by PAI. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that 6 different expressed genes showed a positive correlation between changes at translational and transcriptional expression level. Expression of three proteins that likely promote spinosad biosynthesis, namely, 5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate-homocysteine S-methyltransferase (MHSM), glutamine synthetase (GS) and cyclic nucleotide-binding domain-containing protein (CNDP) was validated by western blot, which confirmed the results of proteomic analysis.ConclusionsThis study is the first systematic analysis of the S. spinosa proteome during fermentation and its valuable proteomic data of regulatory proteins may be used to enhance the production yield of spinosad in future studies.

Project description:Protein glycosylation plays fundamental roles in many cellular processes, and previous reports have shown dysregulation to be associated with several human diseases, including diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. Despite the vital role of glycosylation for proper protein function, the analysis of glycoproteins has been lagged behind to other protein modifications. In this study, we describe the reanalysis of global proteomic data from breast cancer xenograft tissues using recently developed software package GPQuest 2.0, revealing a large number of previously unidentified N-linked glycopeptides. More importantly, we found that using immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) technology for the enrichment of phosphopeptides had coenriched a substantial number of sialoglycopeptides, allowing for a large-scale analysis of sialoglycopeptides in conjunction with the analysis of phosphopeptides. Collectively, combined tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analyses of global proteomic and phosphoproteomic data sets resulted in the identification of 6?724 N-linked glycopeptides from 617 glycoproteins derived from two breast cancer xenograft tissues. Next, we utilized GPQuest 2.0 for the reanalysis of global and phosphoproteomic data generated from 108 human breast cancer tissues that were previously analyzed by Clinical Proteomic Analysis Consortium (CPTAC). Reanalysis of the CPTAC data set resulted in the identification of 2?683 glycopeptides from the global proteomic data set and 4?554 glycopeptides from phosphoproteomic data set, respectively. Together, 11?292 N-linked glycopeptides corresponding to 1?731 N-linked glycosites from 883 human glycoproteins were identified from the two data sets. This analysis revealed an extensive number of glycopeptides hidden in the global and enriched in IMAC-based phosphopeptide-enriched proteomic data, information which would have remained unknown from the original study otherwise. The reanalysis described herein can be readily applied to identify glycopeptides from already existing data sets, providing insight into many important facets of protein glycosylation in different biological, physiological, and pathological processes.

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Differential expression of proteins in naive and IL-2 stimulated primary human NK cells identified by global proteomic analysis.

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Differential expression of proteins in naïve and IL-2 stimulated primary human NK cells identified by global proteomic analysis.

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