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Design and application of a novel high-throughput screening technique for 1-deoxynojirimycin.

ABSTRACT: High-throughput screening techniques for small molecules can find intensive applications in the studies of biosynthesis of these molecules. A sensitive, rapid and cost-effective technique that allows high-throughput screening of endogenous production of the natural iminosugar 1-deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ), an ?-glucosidase inhibitor relevant to the pharmaceutical industry, was developed in this study, based on the inhibitory effects of 1-DNJ on the activity of the ?-glycosidase LacS from Sulfolobus solfataricus. This technique has been demonstrated effective in engineering both the key enzyme and the expression levels of enzymes in the 1-DNJ biosynthetic pathway from Bacillus atrophaeus cloned in E. coli. Higher biosynthetic efficiency was achieved using directed evolution strategies.

SUBMITTER: Jiang P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4338435 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Design and application of a novel high-throughput screening technique for 1-deoxynojirimycin.

Jiang Peixia P Mu Shanshan S Li Heng H Li Youhai Y Feng Congmin C Jin Jian-Ming JM Tang Shuang-Yan SY

Scientific reports 20150224

High-throughput screening techniques for small molecules can find intensive applications in the studies of biosynthesis of these molecules. A sensitive, rapid and cost-effective technique that allows high-throughput screening of endogenous production of the natural iminosugar 1-deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ), an α-glucosidase inhibitor relevant to the pharmaceutical industry, was developed in this study, based on the inhibitory effects of 1-DNJ on the activity of the β-glycosidase LacS from Sulfolobus ...[more]

PMID: 25708517

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Project description:BackgroundMicrosatellite (simple sequence repeat - SSR) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers are two types of important genetic markers useful in genetic mapping and genotyping. Often, large-scale genomic research projects require high-throughput computer-assisted primer design. Numerous such web-based or standard-alone programs for PCR primer design are available but vary in quality and functionality. In particular, most programs lack batch primer design capability. Such a high-throughput software tool for designing SSR flanking primers and SNP genotyping primers is increasingly demanded.ResultsA new web primer design program, BatchPrimer3, is developed based on Primer3. BatchPrimer3 adopted the Primer3 core program as a major primer design engine to choose the best primer pairs. A new score-based primer picking module is incorporated into BatchPrimer3 and used to pick position-restricted primers. BatchPrimer3 v1.0 implements several types of primer designs including generic primers, SSR primers together with SSR detection, and SNP genotyping primers (including single-base extension primers, allele-specific primers, and tetra-primers for tetra-primer ARMS PCR), as well as DNA sequencing primers. DNA sequences in FASTA format can be batch read into the program. The basic information of input sequences, as a reference of parameter setting of primer design, can be obtained by pre-analysis of sequences. The input sequences can be pre-processed and masked to exclude and/or include specific regions, or set targets for different primer design purposes as in Primer3Web and primer3Plus. A tab-delimited or Excel-formatted primer output also greatly facilitates the subsequent primer-ordering process. Thousands of primers, including wheat conserved intron-flanking primers, wheat genome-specific SNP genotyping primers, and Brachypodium SSR flanking primers in several genome projects have been designed using the program and validated in several laboratories.ConclusionBatchPrimer3 is a comprehensive web primer design program to develop different types of primers in a high-throughput manner. Additional methods of primer design can be easily integrated into future versions of BatchPrimer3. The program with source code and thousands of PCR and sequencing primers designed for wheat and Brachypodium are accessible at http://wheat.pw.usda.gov/demos/BatchPrimer3/.

Project description:BackgroundHost genetic backgrounds affect gene functions. The genetic backgrounds of genetically engineered organisms must be identified to confirm their genetic backgrounds identity with those of recipients. Marker-assisted backcrossing (MAB), transgenesis and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) editing are three commonly used genetic engineering techniques. However, methods for genetic background screening between genetically engineered organisms and corresponding recipients suffer from low efficiency, low accuracy or high cost.ResultsHere, we improved our previously reported AmpSeq-SSR method, an amplicon sequencing-based simple sequence repeat (SSR) genotyping method, by selecting SSR loci with high polymorphism among varieties. Ultimately, a set of 396 SSRs was generated and applied to evaluate the genetic backgrounds identity between rice lines developed through MAB, transgenesis, and CRISPR/Cas9 editing and the respective recipient rice. We discovered that the percentage of different SSRs between the MAB-developed rice line and its recipient was as high as 23.5%. In contrast, only 0.8% of SSRs were different between the CRISPR/Cas9-system-mediated rice line and its recipient, while no SSRs showed different genotypes between the transgenic rice line and its recipient. Furthermore, most differential SSRs induced by MAB technology were located in non-coding regions (62.9%), followed by untranslated regions (21.0%) and coding regions (16.1%). Trinucleotide repeats were the most prevalent type of altered SSR. Most importantly, all altered SSRs located in coding regions were trinucleotide repeats.ConclusionsThis method is not only useful for the background evaluation of genetic resources but also expands our understanding of the unintended effects of different genetic engineering techniques. While the work we present focused on rice, this method can be readily extended to other organisms.

Project description:BackgroundA key goal of drug discovery is to increase the throughput of small molecule screens without sacrificing screening accuracy. High-throughput screening (HTS) in drug discovery involves testing a large number of compounds in a biological assay to identify active compounds. Normally, molecules from a large compound library are tested individually to identify the activity of each molecule. Usually a small number of compounds are found to be active, however the presence of false positive and negative testing errors suggests that this one-drug one-assay screening strategy can be significantly improved. Pooling designs are testing schemes that test mixtures of compounds in each assay, thereby generating a screen of the whole compound library in fewer tests. By repeatedly testing compounds in different combinations, pooling designs also allow for error-correction. These pooled designs, for specific experiment parameters, can be simply and efficiently created using the Shifted Transversal Design (STD) pooling algorithm. However, drug screening contains a number of key constraints that require specific modifications if this pooling approach is to be useful for practical screen designs.ResultsIn this paper, we introduce a pooling strategy called poolHiTS (Pooled High-Throughput Screening) which is based on the STD algorithm. In poolHiTS, we implement a limit on the number of compounds that can be mixed in a single assay. In addition, we show that the STD-based pooling strategy is limited in the error-correction that it can achieve. Due to the mixing constraint, we show that it is more efficient to split a large library into smaller blocks of compounds, which are then tested using an optimized strategy repeated for each block. We package the optimal block selection algorithm into poolHiTS. The MATLAB codes for the poolHiTS algorithm and the corresponding decoding strategy are also provided.ConclusionWe have produced a practical version of STD algorithm for pooled drug screens. This pooling strategy provides both assay compression and error-correction capabilities that can both accelerate and reduce the overall cost of HTS in drug discovery.

Dataset Information

Design and application of a novel high-throughput screening technique for 1-deoxynojirimycin.

Publications

Design and application of a novel high-throughput screening technique for 1-deoxynojirimycin.

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