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Comparison of antiviral activity of lambda-interferons against HIV replication in macrophages.

ABSTRACT: Lambda-interferons (IFN-?s) have been demonstrated as having the ability to inhibit HIV replication in macrophages. However, specific differences in signaling transduction and anti-HIV activity in macrophages between different IFN-?s are unclear. Here, we showed that although all 3 members of (IFN-?1, ?2, and ?3) IFN-? family induced the expression of a number of genes of janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway in monocyte-derived macrophages, IFN-?1 or IFN-?3 induced higher levels of antiviral IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) expression than did IFN-?2. In addition, IFN-?1 or IFN-?3 induced higher levels of several pattern recognition receptors (PPRs) than did IFN-?2. Incubation of IFN-?s with HIV-infected macrophages showed that IFN-?1 or IFN-?3 is more potent in anti-HIV activity than IFN-?2. We also showed that IFN-? treatment before HIV infection was more potent in HIV inhibition than that after HIV infection. Further investigations showed that the inductions of ISGs and PPRs expression by IFN-?s were largely compromised by HIV infection. These findings provide further experimental evidence that IFN-?s have therapeutic potential in treatment of HIV infection.

SUBMITTER: Wang Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4350265 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Comparison of antiviral activity of lambda-interferons against HIV replication in macrophages.

Wang Yizhong Y Li Jieliang J Wang Xu X Zhou Yu Y Zhang Ting T Ho Wenzhe W

Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research 20140930 3

Lambda-interferons (IFN-λs) have been demonstrated as having the ability to inhibit HIV replication in macrophages. However, specific differences in signaling transduction and anti-HIV activity in macrophages between different IFN-λs are unclear. Here, we showed that although all 3 members of (IFN-λ1, λ2, and λ3) IFN-λ family induced the expression of a number of genes of janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway in monocyte-derived macrophages, ...[more]

PMID: 25268605

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Project description:ObjectiveThere is no specific antiviral treatment available for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Among the possible natural constituents is carrageenan, a polymer derived from marine algae that possesses a variety of antiviral properties. The purpose of this review was to summarize the evidence supporting carrageenan subtypes' antiviral activity against the emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19.MethodsPubMed/MEDLINE and Google Scholar searches were conducted for publications using the terms 'carrageenan', 'iota carrageenan', 'kappa carrageenan', lambda-carrageenan', 'coronavirus', 'common cold', 'rhinovirus', and 'SARS-CoV-2' search was also done in grey literature to increase our understanding. A search for the word "carrageenan" was also carried out. Most of the publications were discussed in narrative.ResultsCarrageenan has been shown to have potent antiviral activity against both coronaviruses (coronavirus NL63, SARS-CoV-2) and non-coronaviruses such as dengue virus, herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, vaccinia virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, sindbis virus, human immunodeficiency virus, influenza virus, human papillomavirus, rabies virus, junin virus, tacaribe virus, African swine fever, bovine herpes virus, suid herpes virus, and rhinovirus. No in vivo study has been conducted using carrageenan as an anti-SARS-CoV-2 agent. The majority of the in vivo research was done on influenza, a respiratory virus that causes common cold together with coronavirus. Thus, various clinical trials were conducted to determine the transferability of these in vitro data to clinical effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2. When combined with oral ivermectin, nasally administered iota-carrageenan improved outcome in COVID-19 patients. It is still being tested in clinics for single-dose administration.ConclusionThough the carrageenan exhibited potent antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 and was used to treat COVID-19 under emergency protocol in conjunction with oral medications such as ivermectin, there is no solid evidence from clinical trials to support its efficacy. Thus, clinical trials are required to assess its efficacy for COVID-19 treatment prior to broad application.

Dataset Information

Comparison of antiviral activity of lambda-interferons against HIV replication in macrophages.

Publications

Comparison of antiviral activity of lambda-interferons against HIV replication in macrophages.

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