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Highly penetrant alleles in age-related macular degeneration.

ABSTRACT: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex disease caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Genome-wide association studies have identified several common genetic variants associated with AMD, which together account for 15%-65% of the heritability of AMD. Multiple hypotheses to clarify the unexplained portion of genetic variance have been proposed, such as gene-gene interactions, gene-environment interactions, structural variations, epigenetics, and rare variants. Several studies support a role for rare variants with large effect sizes in the pathogenesis of AMD. In this work, we review the methods that can be used to detect rare variants in common diseases, as well as the recent progress that has been made in the identification of rare variants in AMD. In addition, the relevance of these rare variants for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of AMD is highlighted.

SUBMITTER: den Hollander AI

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4355254 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Highly penetrant alleles in age-related macular degeneration.

den Hollander Anneke I AI de Jong Eiko K EK

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine 20141106 3

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex disease caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Genome-wide association studies have identified several common genetic variants associated with AMD, which together account for 15%-65% of the heritability of AMD. Multiple hypotheses to clarify the unexplained portion of genetic variance have been proposed, such as gene-gene interactions, gene-environment interactions, structural variations, epigenetics, and rare variants. S ...[more]

PMID: 25377141

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