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Novel equations better predict lung age: a retrospective analysis using two cohorts of participants with medical check-up examinations in Japan.

ABSTRACT: The lung age equations developed by the Japanese Respiratory Society encounter several problems when being applied in a clinical setting.To establish novel spirometry-derived lung age (SDL age) equations using data from a large number of Japanese healthy never-smokers with normal spirometric measurements and normal body mass indices (BMIs).The participants had undergone medical check-ups at the Center for Preventive Medicine of St Luke's International Hospital between 2004 and 2012. A total of 15,238 Japanese participants (5,499 males and 9,739 females) were chosen for the discovery cohort. The other independent 2,079 individuals were selected for the validation cohort. The original method of Morris and Temple was applied to the discovery cohort.As a result of the linear regression analysis for forced expiratory volume in 1?s (FEV1), spirometric variables using forced vital capacity (FVC) improved the adjusted R(2) values to greater than 0.8. On the basis of the scatter plots between chronological age and SDL age, the best model included the equations using FEV1 and %FVC in females and males (R(2)=0.66 and 0.55, respectively), which was confirmed by the validation cohort. The following equations were developed: SDL age (females)=0.84×%FVC+50.2-40×FEV1 (l) and SDL age (males)=1.00×%FVC+50.7-33.3×FEV1 (l).This study produced novel SDL age equations for Japanese adults using data from a large number of healthy never-smokers with both normal spirometric measurements and BMIs.

SUBMITTER: Ishida Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4373493 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Novel equations better predict lung age: a retrospective analysis using two cohorts of participants with medical check-up examinations in Japan.

Ishida Yasushi Y Ichikawa Yuri Endo YE Fukakusa Motonori M Kawatsu Akiko A Masuda Katsunori K

NPJ primary care respiratory medicine 20150319

<h4>Background</h4>The lung age equations developed by the Japanese Respiratory Society encounter several problems when being applied in a clinical setting.<h4>Aims</h4>To establish novel spirometry-derived lung age (SDL age) equations using data from a large number of Japanese healthy never-smokers with normal spirometric measurements and normal body mass indices (BMIs).<h4>Methods</h4>The participants had undergone medical check-ups at the Center for Preventive Medicine of St Luke's Internatio ...[more]

PMID: 25789796

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Project description:ObjectivesThe medical field is facing a clinician-scientist shortage. Medical schools could foster the clinician-scientist workforce by offering students research opportunities. Most medical schools offer elective research programmes. Subsequently, a subset of doctors graduates without any research experience. Mandatory research projects may be more sufficient to develop clinician-scientist, but take more supervision and curricular time. There is limited insight in the scientific outcomes of mandatory research experiences. This study aims to examine publication rates of a mandatory research experience, identify factors associated with publication, and includes postgraduate research engagement.Design and settingProspective follow-up study involving 10 cohorts of medical students' mandatory research projects from Leiden University Medical Center.ParticipantsAll medical students who conducted their research project between 2008 and 2018 (n=2329) were included.Main outcome measurePublication rates were defined as peer-reviewed scientific publications, including research papers, reviews, and published meeting abstracts. Postgraduate research engagement was defined as research participation and dissemination of research at scientific conferences or in journals.ResultsIn total, 644 (27.7%) of all mandatory research experiences resulted in publication, with students mainly as first (n=984, 42.5%) or second author (n=587, 25.3%) and above world average citation impact (mean normalised journal score 1.29, mean normalised citation score 1.23). Students who conducted their research in an academic centre (adjusted OR 2.82; 95% CI 2.10 to 3.77), extended their research (adjusted OR 1.73; 95% CI 1.35 to 2.20), were involved in an excellency track (adjusted OR 2.08; 95% CI 1.44 to 3.01), or conducted clinical (adjusted OR 2.08; 95% CI 1.15 to 3.74) or laboratory (adjusted OR 2.16; 95% CI 1.16 to 4.01) research published their research more often. Later as junior doctors, this group significantly more often disseminate their research results at scientific conferences (adjusted OR 1.89; 95% CI 1.11 to 3.23) or in journals (adjusted OR 1.98; 95% CI 1.14 to 3.43).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that a significant subset of hands-on mandatory research projects with flexible learning pathways result in tangible research output with proper impact and that such successful experiences can be considered as diving board towards a research-oriented career.

Project description:IntroductionThe prevalence of HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C amongst migrants in France is high. Thus, effective screening and follow-up is needed. The mandatory medical check-up for residency application is an opportunity to offer rapid HIV and hepatitis testing. The main objective of the STRADA study is to create a feasible and acceptable screening strategy for migrants. Within the STRADA study, this qualitative research examined the acceptability of conducting screening tests in the context of residency application.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative study amongst legal migrants over 18 years of age with sufficient knowledge of the French, English, or Arabic language. Interviews were performed following a semi-structured interview guide of open-ended questions. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and subsequently analyzed through thematic analysis.ResultsWe interviewed 34 migrants. Mean age was 32.6 (min-max: 19, 59) years. The participants' region of origin was mostly Sub-Saharan Africa and the main reason for migrating to France was family reunification. Migrants' acceptability of HIV and hepatitis testing was high. Participants who accepted testing indicated a benefit for individual health and to avoid transmission. Most preferred rapid tests; reluctance was related to anxiety about the immediate results and the perceived reliability of rapid tests. Migrants' knowledge about HIV was satisfactory, but inadequate for hepatitis. Screening in the context of a compulsory medical visit did not present an obstacle for acceptability. Some expressed concern in the case of HIV but when explained, the independence between obtaining the residence permit along with screening and access to medical care was well understood.DiscussionMedical check-ups at immigration centers is an opportunity to screen for HIV and hepatitis which is considered acceptable by migrants. Informing migrants that test results do not affect residency applications, and incorporating their preferences, are all important to optimize the acceptability of screening.

Dataset Information

Novel equations better predict lung age: a retrospective analysis using two cohorts of participants with medical check-up examinations in Japan.

Publications

Novel equations better predict lung age: a retrospective analysis using two cohorts of participants with medical check-up examinations in Japan.

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