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The viral transcription group determines the HLA class I cellular immune response against human respiratory syncytial virus.

ABSTRACT: The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-mediated killing of virus-infected cells requires previous recognition of short viral antigenic peptides bound to human leukocyte antigen class I molecules that are exposed on the surface of infected cells. The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response is critical for the clearance of human respiratory syncytial virus infection. In this study, naturally processed viral human leukocyte antigen class I ligands were identified with mass spectrometry analysis of complex human leukocyte antigen-bound peptide pools isolated from large amounts of human respiratory syncytial virus-infected cells. Acute antiviral T-cell response characterization showed that viral transcription determines both the immunoprevalence and immunodominance of the human leukocyte antigen class I response to human respiratory syncytial virus. These findings have clear implications for antiviral vaccine design.

SUBMITTER: Johnstone C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4390268 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The viral transcription group determines the HLA class I cellular immune response against human respiratory syncytial virus.

Johnstone Carolina C Lorente Elena E Barriga Alejandro A Barnea Eilon E Infantes Susana S Lemonnier François A FA David Chella S CS Admon Arie A López Daniel D

Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP 20150129 4

The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-mediated killing of virus-infected cells requires previous recognition of short viral antigenic peptides bound to human leukocyte antigen class I molecules that are exposed on the surface of infected cells. The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response is critical for the clearance of human respiratory syncytial virus infection. In this study, naturally processed viral human leukocyte antigen class I ligands were identified with mass spectrometry analysis of complex human leukoc ...[more]

PMID: 25635267

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Project description:Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a new class of noncoding RNAs that have gained increased attention. DNA virus infections have been reported to induce modifications in cellular circRNA transcriptomes and express viral circRNAs. However, the identification and expression of cellular and viral circRNAs are unknown in the context of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), a human RNA virus with no effective treatments or vaccines. Here, we report a comprehensive identification of the cellular and viral circRNAs induced by RSV infection in A549 cells with high-throughput sequencing. In total, 53,719 cellular circRNAs and 2,280 differentially expressed cellular circRNAs were identified. Trend analysis further identified three significant expression pattern clusters, which were related to the antiviral immune response according to gene enrichment analysis. Subsequent results showed that not only RSV infection but also poly(I·C) treatment and another RNA virus infection induced the upregulation of the top 10 circRNAs from the focused cluster. The top 10 circRNAs generally inhibit RSV replication in turn. Moreover, 1,254 viral circRNAs were identified by the same circRNA sequencing. The induced expression of viral circRNAs by RSV infection was found not only in A549 cells but also in HEp-2 cells. Additionally, we profiled the general characteristics of both cellular and viral circRNAs such as back-splicing signals, etc. Collectively, RSV infection induced the differential expression of cellular circRNAs, some of which affected RSV infection, and RSV also expressed viral circRNAs. Our study reveals novel layers of host-RSV interactions and identifies cellular or viral circRNAs that may be novel therapeutic targets or biomarkers. IMPORTANCE Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) demonstrate substantial roles in cell-virus interactions. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a newly identified class of ncRNAs that have gained increased attention recently. DNA virus infections have been reported to induce modifications in cellular circRNA transcriptomes and express viral circRNAs. However, the identification and expression of cellular and viral circRNAs are unknown in the context of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), a human RNA virus with no effective treatments or vaccines. Here, we report a comprehensive identification of the cellular and viral circRNAs induced by RSV infection by high-throughput sequencing. We revealed that RSV infection induces the differential expression of cellular circRNAs, some of which affected RSV infection, and that RSV also expresses viral circRNAs. Our study reveals novel layers of host-RSV interactions and identifies cellular or viral circRNAs that may be novel therapeutic targets or biomarkers.

Dataset Information

The viral transcription group determines the HLA class I cellular immune response against human respiratory syncytial virus.

Publications

The viral transcription group determines the HLA class I cellular immune response against human respiratory syncytial virus.

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