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Effects of cyclic loading on the shear bond strength of metal orthodontic brackets bonded to resin composite veneer surface using different conditioning protocols.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this research is to evaluate cyclic (CSBS) and static shear bond strengths (SSBS) of metal orthodontic brackets bonded to composite laminates using different conditioning protocols.A total of 80 direct nanofilled composite laminate veneers were prepared on permanent incisors and divided into four equal groups according to different surface treatments. In group 1, diamond bur was used. In group 2, microetcher (50-?m alumina particles) was utilized. In group 3, 38% phosphoric acid treatment for 60 s was done. In group 4 (control group), metal brackets were bonded to the untreated veneer surfaces using no-mix adhesive resin. SSBS testing was carried out for ten specimens, while CSBS testing was done for another ten specimens from each group. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and Scheffe post hoc test. The chi-square test was used to determine significant differences in the adhesive remnant index scores among different groups.Statistically significant difference was only found between SSBS of brackets bonded when surface treatment was done using the diamond bur, microetcher, and the phosphoric acid at P<0.05. With regard to CSBS, the use of bur treatment and microetching achieved the highest values; however, there was no significant difference between these two groups. With phosphoric acid, surface treatment achieved the lowest CSBS value; there was no significant difference between this group and the control group. The SSBS was significantly higher than CSBS in all groups.Roughening composite laminate veneers with either diamond bur or microetcher could be used successfully as an alternative to provide higher bond strength than phosphoric acid surface treatment. Cyclic loading significantly decreased bond strength.

SUBMITTER: Hammad SM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4406983 | biostudies-literature | 2013

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of cyclic loading on the shear bond strength of metal orthodontic brackets bonded to resin composite veneer surface using different conditioning protocols.

Hammad Shaza M SM El Banna Mai S MS

Progress in orthodontics 20130623

<h4>Background</h4>The aim of this research is to evaluate cyclic (CSBS) and static shear bond strengths (SSBS) of metal orthodontic brackets bonded to composite laminates using different conditioning protocols.<h4>Methods</h4>A total of 80 direct nanofilled composite laminate veneers were prepared on permanent incisors and divided into four equal groups according to different surface treatments. In group 1, diamond bur was used. In group 2, microetcher (50-μm alumina particles) was utilized. In ...[more]

PMID: 24326176

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Project description:Introduction: Remineralizing agents may be used for the treatment of white spot lesions (WSLs) prior to bracket bonding. However, some concerns exist regarding their possible interference with the etching and bonding process, negatively affecting the bond strength. This study aimed to assess the effect of two remineralizing agents with/without CO2 laser irradiation on the mechanical properties and shear bond strength (SBS) of demineralized enamel to the orthodontic bracket. Methods: This study evaluated 60 premolar teeth in 6 groups (n=10) as follows: (I) sound enamel, (II) demineralized enamel, (III) Nupro remineralizing agent (N), (IV) Nupro and CO2 laser (N/L), (V) Teethmate remineralizing agent (T), and (VI) Teethmate and CO2 laser (T/L). The remineralizing agents were applied to the enamel surfaces after their immersion in a demineralizing solution for 5 days. In groups IV and VI, the CO2 laser with a 10.6 ?m wavelength, 10 ms pulse duration, a 50 Hz repetition rate, 0.3 mm beam diameter and 0.7 W power was irradiated after applying the remineralizing agents. Brackets were bonded to the enamel surfaces and SBS was measured by a universal testing machine. For the assessment of enamel microhardness, 20 sections of molar teeth were divided into 4 groups (n=5; N, N/L, T, T/L) and their microhardness was measured before demineralization, after demineralization and after remineralization. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS) were carried out to assess the formation of hydroxyapatite. The atomic percentages of the C, O, P, Ca, Na, Si, F and Ca/P ratio were determined by EDS analysis. Results: The SBS significantly decreased in group II (P<0.001). There was no significant difference among the groups I, III, IV, V and VI (P<0.05). This finding was similar to the microhardness results, which showed an increase in microhardness after remineralization (P<0.05), with no difference among the remineralizing agents. The Ca/P ratio was the highest in the Nupro group and the lowest in the demineralized group. Conclusion: Remineralizing agents can significantly improve the microhardness and structural properties of demineralized enamel to a level similar to that of sound enamel with no adverse effect on SBS to orthodontic brackets.

Dataset Information

Effects of cyclic loading on the shear bond strength of metal orthodontic brackets bonded to resin composite veneer surface using different conditioning protocols.

Publications

Effects of cyclic loading on the shear bond strength of metal orthodontic brackets bonded to resin composite veneer surface using different conditioning protocols.

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