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Identification of Chlorophyceae based on 18S rDNA sequences from Persian Gulf.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Chlorophyceae are important constituents of marine phytoplankton. The taxonomy of Chlorophyceae was traditionally based solely on morphological characteristics. In the present research project, genetic diversity was investigated to analyze five species of Chlorophyceae from waters of the Persian Gulf. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A clone library of the ribosomal small subunit RNA gene (18S rDNA) in the nuclear genome was constructed by PCR, and then, after examining the clones, selected clones were sequenced. The determined clone sequences were analyzed by a similarity search of the NCBI GenBank database using BLAST. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Eleven sequences were identified correctly and used for phylogenetic analysis. We identified species of Chlorophyta (Chlorella sorokiniana, Chlamydomonas sp., Neochloris aquatic, Picochlorum sp. and Nannochloris atomus) without the need to conduct extensive colony isolation techniques. Therefore, this improved molecular method can be used to generate a robust database describing the species diversity of environmental samples.

SUBMITTER: Haddad R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4411431 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BackgroundMicroeukaryotes are an effective indicator of the presence of environmental contaminants. However, the characterisation of these organisms by conventional tools is often inefficient, and recent molecular studies have revealed a great diversity of microeukaryotes. The full extent of this diversity is unknown, and therefore, the distribution, ecological role and responses to anthropogenic effects of microeukaryotes are rather obscure. The majority of oil from oceanic oil spills (e.g., the May 2010 accident in the Gulf of Mexico) converges on coastal ecosystems such as mangroves, which are threatened with worldwide disappearance, highlighting the need for efficient tools to indicate the presence of oil in these environments. However, no studies have used molecular methods to assess the effects of oil contamination in mangrove sediment on microeukaryotes as a group.Methodology/principal findingsWe evaluated the population dynamics and the prevailing 18S rDNA phylotypes of microeukaryotes in mangrove sediment microcosms with and without oil contamination, using PCR/DGGE and clone libraries. We found that microeukaryotes are useful for monitoring oil contamination in mangroves. Our clone library analysis revealed a decrease in both diversity and species richness after contamination. The phylogenetic group that showed the greatest sensitivity to oil was the Nematoda. After contamination, a large increase in the abundance of the groups Bacillariophyta (diatoms) and Biosoecida was detected. The oil-contaminated samples were almost entirely dominated by organisms related to Bacillariophyta sp. and Cafeteria minima, which indicates that these groups are possible targets for biomonitoring oil in mangroves. The DGGE fingerprints also indicated shifts in microeukaryote profiles; specific band sequencing indicated the appearance of Bacillariophyta sp. only in contaminated samples and Nematoda only in non-contaminated sediment.Conclusions/significanceWe believe that the microeukaryotic targets indicated by our work will be of great applicability in biomonitoring hydrocarbons in mangroves under oil contamination risk or during recovery strategies.

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Identification of Chlorophyceae based on 18S rDNA sequences from Persian Gulf.

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