Dataset Information

Enhanced brain susceptibility to negative stimuli in adolescents: ERP evidences.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Previous studies investigated neural substrates of emotional face processing in adolescents and its comparison with adults. As emotional faces elicit more of emotional expression recognition rather than direct emotional responding, it remains undetermined how adolescents are different from adults in brain susceptibility to emotionally stressful stimuli.

Methods

Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) were recorded for highly negative (HN), moderately negative (MN), and neutral pictures in 20 adolescents and 20 adults while subjects performed a standard/deviant distinction task by pressing different keys, irrespective of the emotionality of deviant stimuli.

Results

Adolescents exhibited more negative amplitudes for HN vs. neutral pictures in N1 (100-150 ms), P2 (130-190 ms), N2 (210-290 ms), and P3 (360-440 ms) components. In addition, adolescents showed more negative amplitudes for MN compared to neutral pictures in N1, P2, and N2 components. By contrast, adults exhibited significant emotion effects for HN stimuli in N2 and P3 amplitudes but not in N1 and P2 amplitudes, and they did not exhibit a significant emotion effect for MN stimuli at all these components. In the 210-290 ms time interval, the emotion effect for HN stimuli was significant across frontal and central regions in adolescents, while this emotion effect was noticeable only in the central region for adults.

Conclusions

Adolescents are more emotionally sensitive to negative stimuli compared to adults, regardless of the emotional intensity of the stimuli, possibly due to the immature prefrontal control system over the limbic emotional inputs during adolescence.

SUBMITTER: Yuan J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4412063 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Enhanced brain susceptibility to negative stimuli in adolescents: ERP evidences.

Yuan Jiajin J Ju Enxia E Meng Xianxin X Chen Xuhai X Zhu Siyu S Yang Jiemin J Li Hong H

Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience 20150428

<h4>Background</h4>Previous studies investigated neural substrates of emotional face processing in adolescents and its comparison with adults. As emotional faces elicit more of emotional expression recognition rather than direct emotional responding, it remains undetermined how adolescents are different from adults in brain susceptibility to emotionally stressful stimuli.<h4>Methods</h4>Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) were recorded for highly negative (HN), moderately negative (MN), and neutral ...[more]

PMID: 25972790

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Project description:Background. Auditory Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) are useful for understanding early auditory development among infants, as it allows the collection of a relatively large amount of data in a short time. So far, studies that have investigated development in auditory ERPs in infancy have mainly used single sounds as stimuli. Yet in real life, infants must decode successive rather than single acoustic events. In the present study, we tested 4-, 8-, and 12-month-old infants' auditory ERPs to musical melodies comprising three piano notes, and examined ERPs to each individual note in the melody. Methods. Infants were presented with 360 repetitions of a three-note melody while EEG was recorded from 128 channels on the scalp through a Geodesic Sensor Net. For each infant, both latency and amplitude of auditory components P1 and N2 were measured from averaged ERPs for each individual note. Results. Analysis was restricted to response collected at frontal central site. For all three notes, there was an overall reduction in latency for both P1 and N2 over age. For P1, latency reduction was significant from 4 to 8 months, but not from 8 to 12 months. N2 latency, on the other hand, decreased significantly from 4 to 8 to 12 months. With regard to amplitude, no significant change was found for either P1 or N2. Nevertheless, the waveforms of the three age groups were qualitatively different: for the 4-month-olds, the P1-N2 deflection was attenuated for the second and the third notes; for the 8-month-olds, such attenuation was observed only for the middle note; for the 12-month-olds, the P1 and N2 peaks show relatively equivalent amplitude and peak width across all three notes. Conclusion. Our findings indicate that the infant brain is able to register successive acoustic events in a stream, and ERPs become better time-locked to each composite event over age. Younger infants may have difficulties in responding to late occurring events in a stream, and the onset response to the late events may overlap with the incomplete response to preceding events.

Project description:Identifying reliable trait markers of familial risk for major depressive disorder (MDD) is a challenge in translational psychiatric research. In individuals with acute MDD, dysfunctional connectivity patterns of prefrontal areas have been shown repeatedly. However, it has been unclear in which neuronal networks functional alterations in individuals at familial risk for MDD might be present and to what extent they resemble findings previously reported in those with acute MDD.We investigated differences in blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response of the medial orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) to aversive stimuli between acute MDD and familial risk for the disorder in healthy first-degree relatives of acutely depressed patients with MDD (HC-FH+), healthy age- and sex-matched controls without any family history of depression (HC-FH-), and acutely depressed patients with MDD with (MDD-FH+) and without a family history of depression (MDD-FH-) during a frequently used emotional face-matching paradigm. Analyses of task-specific network connectivity were conducted in terms of psychophysiological interactions (PPI).The present analysis included a total of 100 participants: 25 HC-FH+, 25 HC-FH-, 25 MDD-FH+ and 25 MDD-FH-. Patients with MDD exhibited significantly increased activation in the medial OFC to negative stimuli irrespective of familial risk status, whereas healthy participants at familial risk and patients with MDD alike showed significant hypoactivation in the DLPFC compared with healthy participants without familial risk. The PPI analyses revealed significantly enhanced task-specific coupling between the medial OFC and differing cortical areas in individuals with acute MDD and those with familial risk for the disorder.The main limitation of our study is its cross-sectional design.Whereas hypoactivation during negative emotion processing in the DLPFC appears as a common feature in both healthy high-risk individuals and acutely depressed patients, activation patterns of the medial OFC and its underlying connectivity seem to distinguish familial risk from acute disorder.

Dataset Information

Enhanced brain susceptibility to negative stimuli in adolescents: ERP evidences.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Enhanced brain susceptibility to negative stimuli in adolescents: ERP evidences.

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