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Draft genomes of four enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) clinical isolates from China and Bangladesh.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is an important pathogen that causes childhood and travelers' diarrhea. Here, we present the draft genomes of four ETEC isolates recovered from stool specimens of patients with diarrhea in Beijing, China and Dhaka, Bangladesh, respectively. RESULTS:We obtained the draft genomes of ETEC strains CE516 and CE549 isolated in China, and E1777 and E2265 isolated in Bangladesh with a length of 5.1 Mbp, 4.9 Mbp, 5.1 Mbp, and 5.0 Mbp, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the four strains grouped with the classical Escherichia coli phylogenetic groups A and B1 and three of them including a multi drug-resistant Chinese isolate (CE549) belonged to two major ETEC lineages distributed globally. The heat stable toxin (ST) structural gene (estA) was present in all strains except in strain CE516, and the heat labile toxin (LT) operon (eltAB) was present in all four genomes. Moreover, different resistance gene profiles were found between the ETEC strains. CONCLUSIONS:The draft genomes of the two isolates CE516 and CE549 represent the first genomes of ETEC reported from China. Though we revealed that ETEC is uncommon in Beijing, China, however, when it does occur, multi-drug resistance and ESBL positive isolates might pose a specific public health risk. Furthermore, this study advances our understanding of prevalence and antibiotic resistance of ETEC in China and adds to the number of sequenced strains from Bangladesh.

SUBMITTER: Liu F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4415261 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Draft genomes of four enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) clinical isolates from China and Bangladesh.

Liu Fei F Yang Xi X Wang Zhiyun Z Nicklasson Matilda M Qadri Firdausi F Yi Yong Y Zhu Yuying Y Lv Na N Li Jing J Zhang Ruifen R Guo Huijuan H Zhu Baoli B Sjöling Åsa Å Hu Yongfei Y

Gut pathogens 20150408

<h4>Background</h4>Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is an important pathogen that causes childhood and travelers' diarrhea. Here, we present the draft genomes of four ETEC isolates recovered from stool specimens of patients with diarrhea in Beijing, China and Dhaka, Bangladesh, respectively.<h4>Results</h4>We obtained the draft genomes of ETEC strains CE516 and CE549 isolated in China, and E1777 and E2265 isolated in Bangladesh with a length of 5.1 Mbp, 4.9 Mbp, 5.1 Mbp, and 5.0 Mbp, resp ...[more]

PMID: 25932050

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Project description:Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is one of the leading causes of infant diarrhea in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Diarrheal pathogens are transmitted through environmental reservoirs; however, the bacterial clones that spread across the human-environment interface remain unexplored. We aimed to determine the relationship and clonal dissemination of ETEC between children with diarrhea and polluted water samples from a local river in La Paz, Bolivia. By using WGS and the PhenePlates phenotypic system to analyze ETEC strains, we showed that ST218 and ST410 LT+STh ETEC expressing the colonization factor (CF) CS23 were found with high frequency in both samples. The CS23 ETEC isolates were found within several STs, E. coli phylogroups, and across ETEC lineages. Comparative genomic evaluation and PhenePlate screening of globally distributed clinical ETEC strains suggest that the CS23 gene is likely carried on plasmids acquired independently of the bacterial chromosomal background. Clinical strains were more often multidrug-resistant (MDR) than environmental isolates and harbored the class 1 integron-integrase gene intI1 next to the MDR cassettes. Retrospective analysis of antibiotic resistance in ETEC revealed a high frequency of MDR in clinical isolates. The LT+STh CS23 environmental ETEC isolates, showed an increased biofilm ability at environmental temperature, equal cytotoxicity, and significantly lower adherence to human epithelial cells compared to ETEC expressing other CFs. Together, we suggest that CS23 is more prevalent in ETEC than previously estimated, and the Choqueyapu River is a reservoir for LT+STh CS23 ETEC containing strains capable of causing diarrheal cases in children. IMPORTANCE The importance of clean water cannot be overstated. It is a vital resource for maintaining health and well-being. Unfortunately, water sources contaminated with fecal discharges from animal and human origin due to a lack of wastewater management pose a significant risk to communities, as they can become a means of transmission of pathogenic bacteria like enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). ETEC is frequently found in polluted water in countries with a high prevalence of diarrheal diseases, such as Bolivia. This study provides novel insights into the circulation of ETEC between diarrheal cases and polluted water sources in areas with high rates of diarrheal disease. These findings highlight the Choqueyapu River as a potential reservoir for emerging pathogens carrying antibiotic-resistance genes, making it a crucial area for monitoring and intervention. Furthermore, the results demonstrate the feasibility of a low-cost, high-throughput method for tracking bacterial pathogens in low- and middle-income countries, making it a valuable tool for One Health monitoring efforts.

Project description:BackgroundThere is no licensed vaccine against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), a major cause of diarrhea-associated morbidity and mortality among infants and children in low-income countries and travelers. The results of this vaccination/challenge study demonstrate strong protection by an attenuated ETEC vaccine candidate, ACE527, when co-administered with a mucosal adjuvant, the double-mutant heat-labile toxin (dmLT) of ETEC.MethodsSixty healthy adults participated in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study with three doses of lyophilized ACE527 (∼3 × 109 of each strain per dose) administered orally with or without dmLT adjuvant (25 µg/dose). Six months later, 36 of these volunteers and a control group of 21 unvaccinated volunteers were challenged with virulent ETEC strain H10407. The primary outcome was severe diarrhea, defined as passing >800 g of unformed stools during the inpatient period following challenge.FindingsThe vaccine was well tolerated and induced robust immune responses to key antigens. The protective efficacy (PE) against the primary outcome of severe diarrhea was 65.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.4-87.7, p = 0.003). Among subjects receiving the adjuvanted vaccine, the attack rate of severe diarrhea was 23.1, while in unimmunized controls it was 67.7%. The PE against diarrhea of any severity was 58.5% (95% CI 3.8- 82.1, p = 0.016). There was a strong inverse correlation between shedding of the vaccine strain after either of the first two doses and absence of severe diarrhea upon challenge (RR = 0.29, 95% CI 0.08-1.05, p = 0.041). Challenge strain shedding was 10-fold lower in those receiving the adjuvant than in those receiving vaccine alone. The unadjuvanted vaccine was not protective (PE = 23.1%).InterpretationThe results of this study support further development of ACE527 + dmLT as a vaccine for children in endemic countries and travelers. This is the first clinical demonstration that dmLT can contribute significantly to vaccine efficacy and may warrant testing with other oral vaccines. (ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT01739231).

Dataset Information

Draft genomes of four enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) clinical isolates from China and Bangladesh.

Publications

Draft genomes of four enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) clinical isolates from China and Bangladesh.

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