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Bacterial communities in neonatal feces are similar to mothers' placentae.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:The gut microbiota plays an important role in human health. It is essential to understand how the composition of the gut microbiota in neonates is established. OBJECTIVES:To investigate the nature of the microbial community in the first feces of newborn infants compared with the mothers' placentae and vaginas. METHODS:One infant who was delivered via Cesarean section was compared with an infant who was delivered vaginally. Bar-coded pyro-sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA genes was used to investigate the bacterial community composition and structure of each site. RESULTS:Neonatal feces of both infants had similar bacterial communities, and they were similar to the mother's placenta regardless of the method of delivery. The vaginal bacterial community differed between the two mothers, but not different sites within the vagina. The bacteria in the neonatal feces and the mothers' placentae demonstrated considerably higher diversity compared with the vaginas. The family Lactobacillaceae dominated in the vaginal samples, while the most abundant family in the fecal and placental samples was Micrococcineae. CONCLUSIONS:These results may provide new directions for the study of infant gut microbial formation.

SUBMITTER: Dong XD

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4419820 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Mar-Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Bacterial communities in neonatal feces are similar to mothers' placentae.

Dong Xu-Dong XD Li Xiao-Ran XR Luan Jian-Jun JJ Liu Xiao-Feng XF Peng Juan J Luo Yi-Yong YY Liu Chen-Jian CJ

The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale 20150301 2

<h4>Background</h4>The gut microbiota plays an important role in human health. It is essential to understand how the composition of the gut microbiota in neonates is established.<h4>Objectives</h4>To investigate the nature of the microbial community in the first feces of newborn infants compared with the mothers' placentae and vaginas.<h4>Methods</h4>One infant who was delivered via Cesarean section was compared with an infant who was delivered vaginally. Bar-coded pyro-sequencing of 16S ribosom ...[more]

PMID: 26015791

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Project description:BackgroundSharks are in severe global decline due to human exploitation. The additional concern of emerging diseases for this ancient group of fish, however, remains poorly understood. While wild-caught and captive sharks may be susceptible to bacterial and transmissible diseases, recent reports suggest that shark skin may harbor properties that prevent infection, such as a specialized ultrastructure or innate immune properties, possibly related to associated microbial assemblages. To assess whether bacterial community composition differs between visibly healthy and insulted (injured) shark skin, we compared bacterial assemblages of skin covering the gills and the back from 44 wild-caught black-tip reef sharks (Carcharhinus melanopterus) from the Amirante Islands (Seychelles) via 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing.ResultsShark skin-associated bacterial communities were diverse (5971 bacterial taxa from 375 families) and dominated by three families of the phylum Proteobacteria typical of marine organisms and environments (Rhodobacteraceae, Alteromonadaceae, Halomonadaceae). Significant differences in bacterial community composition of skin were observed for sharks collected from different sites, but not between healthy or injured skin samples or skin type (gills vs. back). The core microbiome (defined as bacterial taxa present in ≥50% of all samples) consisted of 12 bacterial taxa, which are commonly observed in marine organisms, some of which may be associated with animal host health.ConclusionThe conserved bacterial community composition of healthy and injured shark skin samples suggests absence of severe bacterial infections or substantial pathogen propagation upon skin insult. While a mild bacterial infection may have gone undetected, the overall conserved bacterial community implies that bacterial function(s) may be maintained in injured skin. At present, the contribution of bacteria, besides intrinsic animal host factors, to counter skin infection and support rapid wound healing in sharks are unknown. This represents clear knowledge gaps that should be addressed in future work, e.g. by screening for antimicrobial properties of skin-associated bacterial isolates.

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Bacterial communities in neonatal feces are similar to mothers' placentae.

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Bacterial communities in neonatal feces are similar to mothers' placentae.

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