Dataset Information

Does maternal asthma contribute to racial/ethnic disparities in obstetrical and neonatal complications?

ABSTRACT: PURPOSE:To examine whether maternal asthma contributes to racial/ethnic differences in obstetrical and neonatal complications. METHODS:Data on white (n = 110,603), black (n = 50,284), and Hispanic (n = 38,831) singleton deliveries came from the Consortium on Safe Labor. Multilevel logistic regression models, with an interaction term for asthma and race/ethnicity, estimated within-group adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, placental abruption, premature rupture of membranes, preterm delivery, maternal hemorrhage, neonatal intensive care unit admissions, small for gestational age, apnea, respiratory distress syndrome, transient tachypnea of the newborn, anemia, and hyperbilirubinemia after adjustment for clinical and demographic confounders. Nonasthmatics of the same racial/ethnic group were the reference group. RESULTS:Compared with nonasthmatics, white asthmatics had increased odds of pre-eclampsia (aOR, 1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15-1.43) and maternal hemorrhage (aOR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.04-1.23). White and Hispanic infants were more likely to have neonatal intensive care unit admissions (aOR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.11-1.28; aOR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.02-1.32, respectively) and be small for gestational age (aOR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.02-1.20; aOR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.10-1.44, respectively), and Hispanic infants were more likely to have apnea (aOR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.02-1.69). CONCLUSIONS:Maternal asthma did not affect most obstetrical and neonatal complication risks within racial/ethnic groups. Despite their increased risk for both asthma and many complications, our findings for black women were null. Asthma did not contribute to racial/ethnic disparities in complications.

SUBMITTER: Flores KF

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4433572 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Does maternal asthma contribute to racial/ethnic disparities in obstetrical and neonatal complications?

Flores Katrina F KF Robledo Candace A CA Hwang Beom Seuk BS Leishear Kira K Laughon Grantz Katherine K Mendola Pauline P

Annals of epidemiology 20150130 6

<h4>Purpose</h4>To examine whether maternal asthma contributes to racial/ethnic differences in obstetrical and neonatal complications.<h4>Methods</h4>Data on white (n = 110,603), black (n = 50,284), and Hispanic (n = 38,831) singleton deliveries came from the Consortium on Safe Labor. Multilevel logistic regression models, with an interaction term for asthma and race/ethnicity, estimated within-group adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, p ...[more]

PMID: 25724829

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Project description:OBJECTIVES:The prevalence of childhood obesity is significantly higher among racial and/or ethnic minority children in the United States. It is unclear to what extent well-established obesity risk factors in infancy and preschool explain these disparities. Our objective was to decompose racial and/or ethnic disparities in children's weight status according to contributing socioeconomic and behavioral risk factors. METHODS:We used nationally representative data from ?10?700 children in the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study Birth Cohort who were followed from age 9 months through kindergarten entry. We assessed the contribution of socioeconomic factors and maternal, infancy, and early childhood obesity risk factors to racial and/or ethnic disparities in children's BMI z scores by using Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition analyses. RESULTS:The prevalence of risk factors varied significantly by race and/or ethnicity. African American children had the highest prevalence of risk factors, whereas Asian children had the lowest prevalence. The major contributor to the BMI z score gap was the rate of infant weight gain during the first 9 months of life, which was a strong predictor of BMI z score at kindergarten entry. The rate of infant weight gain accounted for between 14.9% and 70.5% of explained disparities between white children and their racial and/or ethnic minority peers. Gaps in socioeconomic status were another important contributor that explained disparities, especially those between white and Hispanic children. Early childhood risk factors, such as fruit and vegetable consumption and television viewing, played less important roles in explaining racial and/or ethnic differences in children's BMI z scores. CONCLUSIONS:Differences in rapid infant weight gain contribute substantially to racial and/or ethnic disparities in obesity during early childhood. Interventions implemented early in life to target this risk factor could help curb widening racial and/or ethnic disparities in early childhood obesity.

Project description:IntroductionDetailed evaluations of racial and ethnic trends and disparities in NSCLC outcomes are lacking, and it remains unclear whether recent advances in screening and targeted therapies for NSCLC have benefited all population groups equally.MethodsUsing the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18-registry data, we evaluated trends in overall and stage-specific NSCLC incidence (2007-2018) among patients aged 55 to 79 years by sex and race and ethnicity. Overall and stage-specific 2-year cause-specific survival rates were calculated by sex and race and ethnicity. Health Disparities software calculated absolute (difference) and relative (ratio) disparity measures comparing racial and ethnic groups with the highest and lowest rates (range measures) and comparing white patients (reference group) with other groups (pairwise rate measures). Joinpoint software assessed changes in rates and disparities.ResultsBoth men and women experienced substantial declines in NSCLC incidence from 2007 to 2018, largely due to significant declines in the incidence of distant-stage NSCLC over the study period (p < 0.05). During the same time period, the incidence of local-stage NSCLC significantly increased among black and Hispanic women (p < 0.05) and remained stable among all other groups. Overall, 2-year cause-specific survival rates improved across most racial and ethnic groups, especially among those diagnosed in regional and distant stages. For both sexes, absolute disparities in overall and stage-specific incidence of NSCLC significantly decreased over time (p < 0.05), whereas relative disparities remained unchanged. Pairwise comparison revealed persistent disparities in NSCLC burden between black and white men.ConclusionWe found evidence of narrowing racial and ethnic disparities in NSCLC incidence over time; however, important disparities persist. More work is needed to ensure consistent and equitable access to high-quality screening, diagnosis, and treatment to reduce and eliminate cancer disparities.

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Does maternal asthma contribute to racial/ethnic disparities in obstetrical and neonatal complications?

Publications

Does maternal asthma contribute to racial/ethnic disparities in obstetrical and neonatal complications?

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