?-Carrageenan Suppresses Tomato Chlorotic Dwarf Viroid (TCDVd) Replication and Symptom Expression in Tomatoes.

ABSTRACT: The effect of carrageenans on tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid (TCDVd) replication and symptom expression was studied. Three-week-old tomato plants were spray-treated with iota(?)-, lambda(?)-, and kappa(?)-carrageenan at 1 g·L-1 and inoculated with TCDVd after 48 h. The ?-carrageenan significantly suppressed viroid symptom expression after eight weeks of inoculation, only 28% plants showed distinctive bunchy-top symptoms as compared to the 82% in the control group. Viroid concentration was reduced in the infected shoot cuttings incubated in ?-carrageenan amended growth medium. Proteome analysis revealed that 16 tomato proteins were differentially expressed in the ?-carrageenan treated plants. Jasmonic acid related genes, allene oxide synthase (AOS) and lipoxygenase (LOX), were up-regulated in ?-carrageenan treatment during viroid infection. Taken together, our results suggest that ?-carrageenan induced tomato defense against TCDVd, which was partly jasmonic acid (JA) dependent, and that it could be explored in plant protection against viroid infection.

SUBMITTER: Sangha JS 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4446610 | biostudies-literature | 2015 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature