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AMCase is a crucial regulator of type 2 immune responses to inhaled house dust mites.

ABSTRACT: Chitinases are enzymes that cleave chitin, a component of the exoskeleton of many organisms including the house dust mite (HDM). Here we show that knockin mice expressing an enzymatically inactive acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase), the dominant true chitinase in mouse lung, showed enhanced type 2 immune responses to inhaled HDM. We found that uncleaved chitin promoted the release of IL-33, whereas cleaved chitin could be phagocytosed and could induce the activation of caspase-1 and subsequent activation of caspase-7; this results in the resolution of type 2 immune responses, probably by promoting the inactivation of IL-33. These data suggest that AMCase is a crucial regulator of type 2 immune responses to inhaled chitin-containing aeroallergens.

SUBMITTER: Kim LK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4460510 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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AMCase is a crucial regulator of type 2 immune responses to inhaled house dust mites.

Kim Lark Kyun LK Morita Rimpei R Kobayashi Yasushi Y Eisenbarth Stephanie C SC Lee Chun Geun CG Elias Jack J Eynon Elizabeth E EE Flavell Richard A RA

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 20150518 22

Chitinases are enzymes that cleave chitin, a component of the exoskeleton of many organisms including the house dust mite (HDM). Here we show that knockin mice expressing an enzymatically inactive acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase), the dominant true chitinase in mouse lung, showed enhanced type 2 immune responses to inhaled HDM. We found that uncleaved chitin promoted the release of IL-33, whereas cleaved chitin could be phagocytosed and could induce the activation of caspase-1 and subsequent ...[more]

PMID: 26038565

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