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The association between marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels and survival after renal transplantation.

ABSTRACT: Several studies have reported beneficial cardiovascular effects of marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. To date, no large studies have investigated the potential benefits of marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in recipients of renal transplants.In this observational cohort study of 1990 Norwegian recipients of renal transplants transplanted between 1999 and 2011, associations between marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels and mortality were investigated by stratified analysis and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analysis adjusting for traditional and transplant-specific mortality risk factors. Marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels in plasma phospholipids were measured by gas chromatography in a stable phase 10 weeks after transplantation.There were 406 deaths (20.4%) during a median follow-up period of 6.8 years. Mortality rates were lower in patients with high marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels (?7.95 weight percentage) compared with low levels (<7.95 weight percentage) for all age categories (pooled mortality rate ratio estimate, 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.57 to 0.85). When divided into quartiles according to marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels, patients in the upper quartile compared with the lower quartile had a 56% lower risk of death (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.44; 95% confidence interval, 0.26 to 0.75) using multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. There was a lower hazard ratio for death from cardiovascular disease with high levels of marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid and a lower hazard ratio for death from infectious disease with high levels of the marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid, whereas there was no association between total or individual marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels and cancer mortality.Higher plasma phospholipid marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels were independently associated with better patient survival.

SUBMITTER: Eide IA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4491303 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The association between marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels and survival after renal transplantation.

Eide Ivar A IA Jenssen Trond T Hartmann Anders A Diep Lien M LM Dahle Dag O DO Reisæter Anna V AV Bjerve Kristian S KS Christensen Jeppe H JH Schmidt Erik B EB Svensson My M

Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN 20150610 7

<h4>Background and objectives</h4>Several studies have reported beneficial cardiovascular effects of marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. To date, no large studies have investigated the potential benefits of marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in recipients of renal transplants.<h4>Design, setting, participants, & measurements</h4>In this observational cohort study of 1990 Norwegian recipients of renal transplants transplanted between 1999 and 2011, associations between marine n-3 polyunsa ...[more]

PMID: 26063768

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Project description:Rationale & objectiveDeterioration of kidney graft function is associated with accelerated cellular senescence. Marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have favorable properties that may counteract cellular senescence development and damage caused by the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) secretome. Our objective was to investigate the potential effects of marine n-3 PUFA supplementation on the SASP secretome in kidney transplant recipients.Study designExploratory substudy of the Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Renal Transplantation trial.Setting & participantsAdult kidney transplant recipients with a functional kidney graft (defined as having an estimated glomerular filtration rate of >30 mL/min/1.73 m2) 8 weeks after engraftment were included in this study conducted in Norway.Analytical approachThe intervention consisted of 2.6 g of a marine n-3 PUFA or olive oil (placebo) daily for 44 weeks. The outcome was a predefined panel of SASP components in the plasma and urine.ResultsA total of 132 patients were enrolled in the Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Renal Transplantation trial, and 66 patients were allocated to receive either the study drug or placebo. The intervention with the marine n-3 PUFA was associated with reduced plasma levels of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, interleukin 1α, macrophage inflammatory protein 1α, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, and MMP-13 compared with the intervention in the control group.LimitationsPost hoc analysis.ConclusionsThe results suggest that marine n-3 PUFA supplementation has mitigating effects on the plasma SASP components granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, interleukin 1α, macrophage inflammatory protein 1α, MMP-1, and MMP-13 in kidney transplant recipients. Future studies with kidney transplant recipients in maintenance phase, combined with an evaluation of cellular senescence markers in kidney transplant biopsies, are needed to further elucidate the potential antisenescent effect of marine n-3 PUFAs. This trial is registered as NCT01744067.

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The association between marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels and survival after renal transplantation.

Publications

The association between marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels and survival after renal transplantation.

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