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Chronic resistance training does not affect post-exercise blood pressure in normotensive older women: a randomized controlled trial.

ABSTRACT: Resistance training has been recommended for maintenance or improvement of the functional health of older adults, but its effect on acute cardiovascular responses remains unclear. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of 12 weeks of resistance training on post-exercise blood pressure (BP) in normotensive older women. Twenty-eight normotensive and physically inactive women (? 60 years) were randomly assigned to a training group (TG) or a control group (CG). The TG underwent a resistance training program (12 weeks, 8 exercises, 2 sets, 10-15 repetitions, 3 days/week), while the CG performed stretching exercises (12 weeks, 2 sets, 20 s each, 2 days/week). At baseline and after the intervention, participants were randomly submitted to two experimental sessions: a resistance exercise session (7 exercises, 2 sets, 10-15 repetitions) and a control session. BP was obtained pre- and post-sessions (90 min), through auscultation. Post-exercise hypotension was observed for systolic, diastolic, and mean BP in the TG (-6.1, -3.4, and -4.3 mmHg, respectively; P < 0.05) and in the CG (-4.1, -0.7, and -1.8 mmHg, respectively; P < 0.05). After the intervention period, the magnitude and pattern of this phenomenon for systolic, diastolic, and mean BP were similar between groups (TG -8.8, -4.1, and -5.7 mmHg, respectively; P < 0.05 vs CG -11.1, -5.8, and -7.6 mmHg, respectively; P < 0.05). These results indicate that a single session of resistance exercise promotes reduction in post-exercise BP and 12 weeks of resistance training program do not change the occurrence or magnitude of this hypotension. (ClinicalTrial.gov: NCT02346981).

SUBMITTER: Gerage AM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4493716 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Chronic resistance training does not affect post-exercise blood pressure in normotensive older women: a randomized controlled trial.

Gerage Aline Mendes AM Ritti-Dias Raphael Mendes RM do Nascimento Matheus Amarante MA Pina Fábio Luiz Cheche FL Gonçalves Cássio Gustavo Santana CG Sardinha Luís B LB Cyrino Edilson Serpeloni ES

Age (Dordrecht, Netherlands) 20150606 3

Resistance training has been recommended for maintenance or improvement of the functional health of older adults, but its effect on acute cardiovascular responses remains unclear. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of 12 weeks of resistance training on post-exercise blood pressure (BP) in normotensive older women. Twenty-eight normotensive and physically inactive women (≥ 60 years) were randomly assigned to a training group (TG) or a control group (CG). The TG underwent a ...[more]

PMID: 26047957

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Project description:Background: The efficacy of power training (PT) to acutely reduce blood pressure (BP) in participants with hypertension is controversial, and no studies have assessed the influence of sex on post-exercise hypotension and its mechanisms in older adults. Purpose: The aims of this secondary, exploratory analysis were to compare the effects of a single bout of PT on post-exercise hypotension, BP variability, and endothelial function between older men and women with hypertension. Methods: Twenty-four participants with hypertension (12 men and 12 women aged to >60 years old) took part in this crossover study and randomly performed two experimental sessions: power exercise training (PT) and non-exercising control session (Con). The PT protocol was composed of 3 sets of 8-10 repetitions of five exercises performed in the following order: leg press, bench press, knee extension, upright row, and knee flexion, using an intensity corresponding to 50% of one repetition maximal test (1RM) and 2-min intervals between sets and exercises. The concentric phase of exercises during each repetition was performed "as fast as possible," while the eccentric phase lasted 1 to 2 s. During Con, the participants remained at seated rest on the same exercise machines, but without any exercise. Each protocol lasted 40 min. Office BP, flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), 24-h ambulatory BP, and the average real variability (ARV) of systolic and diastolic BP were assessed before and after experimental sessions. Results: Comparing PT with Con, a reduced office BP after exercise was found in men (systolic BP-average post 1 h: -14 mmHg, p < 0.001; diastolic BP-average post 1 h: -8 mmHg, p < 0.001) and only a reduced systolic BP in women (average post 1 h: -7 mmHg, p = 0.04). Comparing men and women, a reduced systolic BP (post 60': -15 mmHg, p = 0.048; average post 1 h: -7 mmHg, p = 0.046) and diastolic BP (post 60': -9 mmHg, p = 0.049) after the first hour were found in men. In relation to 24-h ambulatory BP, ARV, and FMD, no statistically significant differences were found between men and women. Conclusion: In older adults with hypertension, the office BP response after the experimental sessions was different in men and women, showing that the PT protocol is more effective to acutely reduce BP in men. Additionally, the mechanisms behind this reduction remain unclear. This finding suggests that sex cannot be combined to analyze post-exercise hypotension. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT03615625.

Project description:IntroductionExaggerated blood pressure response to exercise (EEBP = SBP ≥ 190 mmHg for women and ≥210 mmHg for men) during cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) is a predictor of cardiovascular risk. Sympathetic hyperactivation and decreased baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) seem to be involved in the progression of metabolic syndrome (MetS) to cardiovascular disease.ObjectiveTo test the hypotheses: (1) MetS patients within normal clinical blood pressure (BP) may present EEBP response to maximal exercise and (2) increased muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and reduced BRS are associated with this impairment.MethodsWe selected MetS (ATP III) patients with normal BP (MetS_NT, n = 27, 59.3% males, 46.1 ± 7.2 years) and a control group without MetS (C, n = 19, 48.4 ± 7.4 years). We evaluated BRS for increases (BRS+) and decreases (BRS-) in spontaneous BP and HR fluctuations, MSNA (microneurography), BP from ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), and auscultatory BP during CPET.ResultsNormotensive MetS (MetS_NT) had higher body mass index and impairment in all MetS risk factors when compared to the C group. MetS_NT had higher peak systolic BP (SBP) (195 ± 17 vs. 177 ± 24 mmHg, P = 0.007) and diastolic BP (91 ± 11 vs. 79 ± 10 mmHg, P = 0.001) during CPET than C. Additionally, we found that MetS patients with normal BP had lower spontaneous BRS- (9.6 ± 3.3 vs. 12.2 ± 4.9 ms/mmHg, P = 0.044) and higher levels of MSNA (29 ± 6 vs. 18 ± 4 bursts/min, P < 0.001) compared to C. Interestingly, 10 out of 27 MetS_NT (37%) showed EEBP (MetS_NT+), whereas 2 out of 19 C (10.5%) presented (P = 0.044). The subgroup of MetS_NT with EEBP (MetS_NT+, n = 10) had similar MSNA (P = 0.437), but lower BRS+ (P = 0.039) and BRS- (P = 0.039) compared with the subgroup without EEBP (MetS_NT-, n = 17). Either office BP or BP from ABPM was similar between subgroups MetS_NT+ and MetS_NT-, regardless of EEBP response. In the MetS_NT+ subgroup, there was an association of peak SBP with BRS- (R = -0.70; P = 0.02), triglycerides with peak SBP during CPET (R = 0.66; P = 0.039), and of triglycerides with BRS- (R = 0.71; P = 0.022).ConclusionNormotensive MetS patients already presented higher peak systolic and diastolic BP during maximal exercise, in addition to sympathetic hyperactivation and decreased baroreflex sensitivity. The EEBP in MetS_NT with apparent well-controlled BP may indicate a potential depressed neural baroreflex function, predisposing these patients to increased cardiovascular risk.

Dataset Information

Chronic resistance training does not affect post-exercise blood pressure in normotensive older women: a randomized controlled trial.

Publications

Chronic resistance training does not affect post-exercise blood pressure in normotensive older women: a randomized controlled trial.

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